tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-60142224255331435512024-02-22T21:25:34.156+00:00Unknown PleasuresCreative and Critical Writing
by RN JonesRN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.comBlogger130125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-38989430718269216162014-04-28T23:49:00.002+01:002014-04-28T23:49:44.866+01:00Inaction<span style="font-size: large;">Old curtains share the screams of old kettles,</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Tailing off to mute and ending night-light,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">All to break a message into my brain:</span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: large;">Tomorrow is another day of moving on.</span></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">And the moon and the street lamps,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Out of sight, deliver a riddle:</span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: large;">Forget the sound that comes after our light.</span></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">If you fail to speak, to romantic eyes,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Then consider yourself a boring coward. Cowardice</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Is the space between carpe diem and suicide.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">I don't believe there was romance in your eyes,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">As you unraveled, tip-toed, to touch mine with your thumb,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Leaving me with a single line that nobody would read.</span></div>
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RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-59074221715677046092014-04-15T00:20:00.000+01:002014-04-15T15:03:14.577+01:00Closure<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">True love makes every man build at the centre of the Earth,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">And yet this same house is always waiting for the new decisive male.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">There is not the capacity for us all here,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">So long as the warm hearts of women are inaudible.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Zero fidelity survives in men,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Save toward surges of loose blood-guilt.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: large;">All of this can be concealed on facebook home feeds</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Or on the home pages of coveted websites. Why <i>home</i>?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">I have wasted my life building houses</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">And then staring at the smoke of dead bricks.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Now is the time to wonder, before I wander,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /><i>All truth is found in family and friends.</i></span>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-33759578003576369142014-04-08T01:45:00.000+01:002014-04-08T02:07:01.977+01:00Swaying in the Ring<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">I am genuine about persuading you</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">I am genuine. Half of this is booze.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">There are three ropes between us,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">And if the transmissions of this world</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Belonged to our small history,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">You would find me swaying in the ring.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Are these the last frames in our film reel,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Or have I made you invisible</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">For the first dance of a wedding I dreamed?</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">I punch only what I breathe in this space.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">You see, I have forgotten the red of my gloves.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">My love, I cannot remember my boots -</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The music and memory they thundered.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">We have made everything our enemy.</span></div>
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RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-60619634700495567602012-10-10T14:21:00.000+01:002012-10-18T00:54:00.659+01:00Weight<span style="font-size: large;">A crest of bones and muscle, crossed by arms,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Multiplication of loss.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The air is so small and black.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">What can you breathe in here?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">When dreams wash out, late morning,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">A boy in a football shirt watches as I come across</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">All man, all idol.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">If I could soften my palms and let my forehead drop,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">I might depart without a film score,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Bent by another October, morning window chill,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The absence of any warmth except my weight.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Always that voice, starved, saying:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Go, go on, leave, get on with it!</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The wall, protecting us from memory, remains</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Until the advent of slow tears, our red collapse.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Always her face.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Never photography persuading, never music.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">My life, doubled in a windblown field of four eyes,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Where we lay through a whole seaside summer</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">In a lie of truth-telling and lips, waiting.</span>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-18790679871460384042012-08-13T04:16:00.001+01:002012-10-18T00:54:19.170+01:00Rosenthaler Platz, Of<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Deep into these travels, out of pocket and still I feel good, look good
tonight. There's a swivel globe giving light to Tania's living room.
Outdoors a balcony eats up Berlin with chairs for soft
lips. An old, important song is on bail from iTunes zoo cells that are
crammed with sing-along festival slogans, and I'm onto happiness,
staying with the globe as if I could have remained a small boy, <i>all those years ago</i>
(this phrase I can now say) guessing capital cities, ignoring the third
world, the real world and my future world. My reading loosens into a
gaze when I see beyond
the Pacific Ocean, as if to come upon an undiscovered constellation: a
girl in a white trench coat, speaking German through smiles. And then
I'm back with the globe, this time it's a
glance at nihilism and civilization, <i>Afghan</i>, and what she
doesn't know once our eyes have met is that I want to be there; I want
to be ironed and hung up for this, where my finger tip is pressing a
warned warning into the
Earth; I want to fuck up a nemesis, to fuck her, the both of us fucked
up, and still I forget to open my mouth and speak into that future, into
which, always a blown kiss and a fist listening for fear (of)</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-48718781697452021822012-07-04T16:20:00.000+01:002012-07-04T16:46:49.014+01:00Andre Villas-Boas: Still Special<h3>
Why AVB is the right appointment, right now</h3>
Below: Andre Villas-Boas at work<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs6ZhA-Z_YTJNfarw21H-gmqML0Qxt5mARVh4IhDr5nfCs-Fvhx-1JUGPKpZMHCfxFcMX2nD3yfdXL775s4CnhlVhoNWdMLSrC5LQxO_TfaddHVy0YyfTtU_O8Dog17dmOh6ojPLHnvoyO/s1600/cVillas-Boas_XogsanpostDotCom.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs6ZhA-Z_YTJNfarw21H-gmqML0Qxt5mARVh4IhDr5nfCs-Fvhx-1JUGPKpZMHCfxFcMX2nD3yfdXL775s4CnhlVhoNWdMLSrC5LQxO_TfaddHVy0YyfTtU_O8Dog17dmOh6ojPLHnvoyO/s320/cVillas-Boas_XogsanpostDotCom.jpg" width="320" /></a><b> </b><br />
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<h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Spurs since January</b></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;">He scrapped the advanced playmaker and decided upon two physically imposing number nines: Emmanuel Adebayor and Louis Saha. Sometimes he partnered one of these two with a little number nine: Jermain Defoe. Each of whom, when not in the six-yard box, is at his most comfortable facing away from goal, passing and chesting the ball backwards and sideways without a penetrating end. There is absolutely no justification for the irresponsible and mindless claim that this was attacking football. That there happened to be one of the most powerful wingers (Gareth Bale) and one of the fastest-accelerating playmakers (Luka Modric) in Europe, behind them, was a fortunate distraction or compensation. Last season, when Rafael Van der Vaart faded or picked up an injury, the obvious replacement in the <a href="http://www.sportskeeda.com/2012/05/11/the-fall-of-the-classic-trequartista/">post-trequartista</a> role of clinical advanced playmaker and goal-threat was another graduate of Ajax, and a proven Premier League star, Steven Pienaar.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Instead the South African was bizarrely considered a reserve winger. The inevitable failure of this tactical decision ended up in him being sent out on loan, along with the club's most experienced right back, Vedran Corluka. (It is worth mentioning here that whilst Kyle Walker had an impressive debut season, he wasn't protected adequately by his manager, and in big games the terribly inexperienced defender struggled: goals conceded
against Manchester City, Arsenal and Chelsea were the fault of Walker's dreadful positioning.) Pass completion rate is often a sign of casuistry in arguments about midfield players: nobody would argue that Leon Britton, for instance, is a better player than Andrea Pirlo or Xavi Hernandez. However, on loan at Everton, <i>in the final third of the pitch</i>, Pienaar recorded a passing rate of 78% (12% higher than the team's average). For a side that does not dominate possession, this is an impressive statistic, especially given its source: the attacking zones of such a fast paced league.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">So for the 'business end' of the season, with the most talented group of players assembled at Tottenham Hotspur since Bill Nicholson was barking on the touchline, and now with third place taken for granted, Harry Redknapp chose to devolve 4-2-3-1 into 4-4-2. With the ball, this allowed Premiership midfield units of three - packed with muscle - to suffocate a team of two, including an exhausted Scott Parker. Without the ball, it gifted more skilled opposition midfielders and ball-playing central defenders copious pockets of space in which to begin their transitions, forcing both Modric <i>and</i> Parker higher up the pitch, and making it comfortable for opponents to complete said transitions between the sabotaged bags of four. This tactical suicide was even more acute given the options up front. There is no getting away from Adebayor's and Jermain Defoe's laziness (per game, the two most offside players in the Premier League this decade) or Saha's disastrous fitness. Too often under Redknapp, Parker's seemingly uncriticised predilection for Roy of the Rovers wanderlust left Spurs vulnerable against teams who had decided to counter-attack at speed, namely Manchester United and Arsenal. And as the season progressed in correspondence with Gareth Bale's ego, Tottenham's most dangerous winger began drifting across the pitch arbitrarily, with delusions of Cristiano grandeur. The fans began to mock Redknapp's inability to direct Bale ('He plays on the left... He plays on the left') and this particular farce, arguably costing the club a Champions League place and £50 million, climaxed with tactical irony at Villa Park. In this, the penultimate fixture of the season against relegation candidates, Spurs only managed to control and draw the game after Danny Rose (incidentally, not a left back) had been sent off. It was going down to ten men, not the evidence of the past, that prompted Bale to stick to and boss the left flank only.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Redknapp is famous for his man-management skills; good morale and strong discipline may seem unconnected, but both are prerequisites for success, and they depend on a consistent communicator. As Jonathan Wilson writes in <i>Inverting the Pyramid</i>, 'one 4-4-2 can be as different from another as Steve Stone from Ronaldinho'; the essentials - incumbent upon morale and discipline - are confidence, <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/blog/2012/mar/13/the-question-balance-symmetry-football-formations">balance</a> and organisation. At Euro 2012, by using a deep, rigid version of this formation, Roy Hodgson brilliantly curbed Parker's and Steven Gerrard's Anglo-Saxon recklessness. Until the Quarter Final when Italy's movement between the lines irrepressibly traumatised Hodgson's limited stock, Parker and Gerrard's disciplined partnership had given England a fleeting hope. There is no absence of either talent or movement at Tottenham's new world class training facility. The solution to the self-inflicted, positional crisis will only be found by a manager who studies the game, and whose courage is defined not by suggesting his players "fucking run about a bit" but rather by researching the strengths and weaknesses of both teams competing on match day. This is the first reason why Andre Villas-Boas was the outstanding candidate for Redknapp's successor.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Much of what I write here on Villas-Boas is research gathered from the excellent if hideously titled biography, <i>Special Too</i>,
by Jaime Pinho and Luis Miguel Pereira. I'll be ignoring frivolous
Chelsea supporters and Lampard-friendly media circles, although not
entirely: why it didn't work for Andre Villas-Boas at Stamford Bridge is obviously
important.</span><br />
<br />
<h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Who is Andre Villas-Boas, Man-Manager and Coach?</b></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;">Not long after Villas-Boas's move from Academica de Coimbra (where he implemented his strategy for the first time in club football and steered a relegation-bound club to mid-table in Primeira Liga), the new FC Porto coach for the 2010/2011 season experienced his first managerial rivalry. When Benfica boss, Jorge Jesus, boasted that his side would pip FC Porto to the title, Villas-Boas knew what possible retort would apply the greatest humiliation, revealing a feature of his counterpart's management more regrettable than simple arrogance:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: large;">"How many reporters did he say that to? Jorge Jesus's press conferences are monologues because they're granted exclusively to the club's channel. So it's very easy to get your message across when there are no competing ideas."</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-size: large;">When FC Porto did eventually win the title, completing a European treble in the process, Villas-Boas 'could not help himself' and 'immediately attacked those who had bad things to say', 'those who had got it all wrong'. But he wouldn't go on to bask in the same vindication at the end of a campaign as Chelsea boss, unable to replicate Jose Mourinho's journey. In 2004, the spine of Chelsea's team was already in place, around which Mourinho could build his defensive-oriented success: John Terry, Frank Lampard and a newly signed goalkeeper, Peter Cech. Villas-Boas, a different manager, was caught in the midst of a transition, and did not have the opportunity to construct his own core, even though Mata, and later Cahill, were beginning to be brilliant. Of greater prescience, when Villas-Boas did show respect for the recently sacked Jesus, he slipped in a sincere warning:</span><br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: large;">"I have to come out in defence of someone who has given everything to a club, someone who has revolutionised a club and transformed its football, and who is now being treated like someone who has to be punished and penalised. It is shocking to see what is happening to a fellow professional, who has gone from "best" to "beast" in three short months - something that could happen to me." </span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Villas-Boas's approach overlaps with a trait of Harry Redknapp's, as we can detect in the following explanation of how he is 'not a dictator' of minute-by-minute order:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: large;">"I encourage the freedom of choice among my players. They can only achieve their true potential if they are not shackled. Creativity in my players is important. I love the unpredictable part of the game. I strongly believe that players have to express themselves, they must be able to make choices during the game... There are, perhaps, some coaches who exacerbate the tactical work because it suits them - it can disguise weakness - and it also entails a certain type of promotion, but I always knew that the motivational factor would influence the players' performance and I advised them of this. When you add this motivational factor to a well-organised team, then you get a great sporting performance."</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-size: large;">For Villas-Boas, however, there has to be an acknowledgement of the contest between truisms, "organised attack" and "football
is chaotic". Following the social science of Mourinho (and his tutor, Manuel Sergio), this project is about hard work - research on individuals and tactics, then application - overcoming as many unforeseeable variables as possible. </span><span style="font-size: large;">And the Portuguese is impressively eager to criticise those (managers and commentators) who carve out reputations solely on in-game tactical thought, as if football is a predetermined narrative. It isn't.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">The football press are indifferent to terse and ironic expressions of disappointment or anger - unsurprising traits for Villas-Boas, son of a university professor - and would rather latch onto any criticism made by a manager as absolute weakness. This totality is why the discourse of 'mind games' in this country is nonsense: it disregards any recognised model of psychology, and instead becomes a surprising and exhausting tyranny. Indeed many of its subjects (Rafael Benitez, Roberto Mancini and Andre Villas-Boas) are managers who are more eloquent than the hacks in tabloid and broadsheet columns of a blockheaded football culture, after nothing more than a caricature. In the case of the humble Villas-Boas at FC Porto, this habit amongst our press is all the more shameful. This is a manager who "always sought to downplay his role during the half-time interval, never revealing if he had made changes in how the team were to play. This was in complete contrast to the players who would lavish praise on the manager's talks in the changing room before going back on the pitch." (Colombian midfielder, Fredy Guarin). One particularly inspiring instance of this was recounted by Helton, Villas-Boas's captain and goalkeeper at FC Porto, after the Europa League triumph:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: large;">"The first talk of the day (of the final) was accompanied by a video with snippets of Europa League matches, showing Porto's absolutely impeccable journey to the final. The collection of images he screened in that meeting truly moved the players. And the message was very clear: those who had played so beautifully up until then could really do nothing else but win the final. The players easily understood the message; the manager didn't need to say very much. It was marvellous. Spectacular. It made us think, reflect. When it's more of the same, for example, 'Let's play to win', it doesn't have such a great effect on the players because we always hear that. He always adds something new... At the end of all the talks he gives, the players stop to think. You can be certain that there isn't a single talk that doesn't end this way."</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-size: large;">What makes Villas-Boas such a thorough reader of the game is not just his ruthless preparation but also his talent for easing a win into the palm of his hand with twenty minutes to go. Luis Freitas Lobo, one of Europe's leading commentators on tactics, makes the following observation:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: large;">When he makes changes to the team, he usually does so in midfield. The timing of the changes: between 60 and 75 minutes. He removes a winger from the attack and thereby makes a midfield quartet, intermediate base of the 4-4-2 and its variants (diamond shape or 1-3). In this way, he avoids the 'wear and tear' and tactical fatigue that the 4-3-3 may more easily cause to the team (and to the individual players), and he avoids speaking about 'tired players' or a 'worn out team'. The time he makes the change is also fully considered. At its best, the team begins to recover for the following match... in the previous match.</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-size: large;">This will come as a joy to many Spurs fans who watched Scott Parker become ineffective as a result of poor (perhaps, no) instruction and being overplayed. But for Tottenham Hotspur, the fact that there is a philosophy - any philosophy - is the most important thing to come from this appointment. Managers like Harry Redknapp are short-term, enthusiastic nurses for troubled, middling clubs. There is more of the doctor about Villas-Boas, who may well have the opportunity to implement a long-term approach which flows through Tottenham Hotspur at each stage of a player and group's development.</span><br />
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<h3>
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Why didn't tactical periodisation work at Chelsea?</span></b></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;">Most reflections on Villas-Boas's time at Chelsea concern the manager's age or inexperience. To a certain extent this must have been a reason for his failure: there were players in that squad who were older than Villas-Boas and who had won more medals than him. Famously, this was the first method Mourinho used to assert his authority over the then, non-achieving Chelsea: an excellent advantage. But more importantly, and well documented, is the dressing room establishment. For Chelsea to change and consistently hunt for league titles, as Manchester United have succeeded in doing so many times under Sir Alex Ferguson, an overhaul of approach and persona would be required. The senior players - in particular the English ones, including captain and vice-captain - were well aware of this. In the end, Chelsea returned to their old guard and, with remarkable luck and a brutally defensive plan, won the Champions League without Villas-Boas, the final chance for that core of players. It was a style of football that suited a physically imperious squad and abandoning the plan for change reflected the capricious way that club is run. They remained a mediocre team in the Premiership. Until Chelsea find enough new faces, and shift some of the old ones on, they won't have the cohesion needed on the training ground nor on the team sheet to perform consistently, nor to implement a long-term philosophy that might outlive a single, bought generation.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">As a man-manager, Villas-Boas takes his responsibility for the well-being of his players as far as he can. Perhaps in contrast to, for instance, the case of Wilson Palacios who, after finding out his brother had been murdered, was too afraid to interrupt his manager's sleep, instead sitting outside Redknapp's hotel room until the morning, trauma at FC Porto was admitted and addressed without delay and with the greatest of compassion. In tragic circumstances, when Hulk's one-and-a-half year-old niece drowned back in his home continent, Villas-Boas 'arranged that FC Porto 's support services would provide the player with everything that he needed to leave for Brazil immediately, via Porto, where he joined his wife and children. Nor did AVB want anyone to book a return ticket... He lost a player for that important match, but he gained a footballer and a supporter for life... the players knew without a doubt that they also had a friend in Andre Villas-Boas.'</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Villas-Boas was never going to lack the respect that is rewarded for proactive responses to human or tactical crises. Rather his distinctive failure at Chelsea was in the everyday operation. In choosing to permanently ostracise experienced winners (Alex and Anelka), his integrity must have become suspect. Villas-Boas's four-pronged psychological, physical, technical and tactical routine and education, known as tactical periodisation, was being constantly overshadowed by a sense of bifurcation and absence. He must show more respect to the likes of Brad Friedel, Ledley King and William Gallas, if they become surplus to requirements.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Tactical periodisation was taught to Jose Mourinho by the Portuguese academic, Manuel Sergio, at the Higher Institute of Physical Education. Sergio 'left such a mark on the future coach that Mourinho immediately chose him to write the preface for the only official book on him, entitled <i>Jose Mourinho</i>.' The tactical system itself (a 4-3-3, or 4-1-2-3) was the real embodiment of this emphasis on physical and intellectual solidarity. Writing about Villas-Boas at the beginning of his tenure at Academica, Lobo provided an accurate summary:</span><br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: large;">The basis in the organisation, the factor that has changed the positional play of the squad. Players closer together, more short passes, more possession. There is less of the speed of stretching play through counter-attack because he doesn't try, as a matter of principle, to create the spaces in which to release the long ball. He has understood that this would mean losing the ball more quickly.</span></blockquote>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">After working under Mourinho at three different clubs, in three different championships, Villas-Boas knew that in order to enhance the urgency of these transitions, he would have to sacrifice the orthodox volante de contencion. In England, because we have no real footballing vocabulary or culture, we call this 'the Makelele role'. (Not as shameful as when we look out across the Atlantic and borrow the term, quarterback.) In place of an enthusiastic tackler, there would be a modern regista no longer deep-lying but now an auspiciously advancing pivot of a playmaker, of greater passing ability and instinct than what we saw under Mourinho (before, of course, his time at Real Madrid with Xabi Alonso). At FC Porto, Joao Moutinho mastered this position and was essential to both the organisation and balance of that great team. At Chelsea, however, there was nobody who suited that role with any experience in this, the most physically demanding league in Europe. Furthermore instead of the world class Hulk, he now had Daniel Sturridge and nobody else who fitted this position. The keeper, though excellent in his six-yard box, was too slow to lead - as Helton did at FC Porto, or Lehmann at Arsenal, or as Victor Valdes still does at Barca - a high-line defence. Gary Cahill was signed too late to make enough of a difference to the unit. Meanwhile, Frank Lampard was going to find it difficult to play regularly with Juan Mata and Raul Meireles - more sophisticated technicians than the the ageing, talismanic artisan - in the same squad. This did not go down well, especially in the media. The indignation that England's central midfielder could possibly be dropped for Portugal's, or a member of the Spain squad, reached boiling point on one Champions League night when Jamie Redknapp was passionately, barely coherently, defending his cousin's importance to the club. Minutes later Gary Neville appeared in the gantry very calmly suggesting that these brave decisions were necessary, sooner rather than later, and that Chelsea would be better off without fading players and overbearing egos. Miraculous Champions League win, or no miraculous Champions League win, it's clear which pundit is worth listening to for the sake of posterity.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Tactically, Villas-Boas arguably proved himself with the players he had available for his updated version of Mourinho's tactical periodisation project. Ironically, his greatest moment was probably the recovery at White Hart Lane in December, where he picked off and humiliated Redknapp on the touch line immediately below a nevertheless gossip-motivated media gathering. When Redknapp switched to 4-4-2 after a dominant first-half display by Spurs - because he was under the illusion that an extra striker means more goalscoring opportunities - Villas-Boas took control of the game, <a href="http://www.zonalmarking.net/2011/12/22/tottenham-1-1-chelsea-both-goals-from-left-wing/">as Zonal Marking explained</a>: he directed Oriel Romeu and Juan Mata to occupy the capacious zones between Tottenham's lines. Chelsea ultimately drew the match, were unlucky not to win, and this, away from home, against a more established and talented group of players on the night.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;">Below: Andre Villas-Boas and Harry Redknap at White Hart Lane</span><img alt="" height="270" 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" width="400" /><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">For Villas-Boas, Chelsea was not to meant to be. An irrationally impatient owner, an absolute clash of playing cultures to coach and adapt for future seasons and several super narcissists rang warnings. In retrospect, it was a terrible decision by somebody still relatively new to management. At FC Porto, Villas-Boas was in the job he had dreamt of since, as a teenage Portista (life-long member of FC Porto), he was playing Championship Manager obsessively and leaving Bobby Robson (the club's real-life decision-maker!) who happened to have moved into the same block of flats as the Villas-Boases, detailed analyses of his match day tactics. This was the first interaction, a chance moment, leading to Villas-Boas's career in football. When Mourinho moved to Chelsea, Villas-Boas was initially critical, making the point that the ahistorical London club are neither a gauge for success nor lasting fame. The disciple might have added that FC Porto, where Mourinho (and years later Villas-Boas) was manager, is simply a bigger club than Chelsea. Mourinho went to Chelsea to create (an unlimited funded) history; Villas-Boas, to cement the club's status by implementing his organised, expressive football for more than one generation to benefit. At Tottenham, he has found a club who might be willing to respect his project: Daniel Levy is probably somewhere in the middle of a scale polarising Roman Abramovich and FC Porto's charismatic and sympathetic, great chairman, Pinto da Costa.</span><br />
<br />
<h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>What might an AVB Spurs look like?</b></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">However interbred and globalised approaches and styles have become, it is rarely the case that a particular position can be imported, from say futebol or calcio, and applied with ease to describe English footballers playing in the Premier League. Tom Huddlestone, however, epitomises the modern regista, making him a natural choice for Villas-Boas's playmaking, circulating pivot. His strengths include: the ability to play on the half-turn despite his large stature, accurate and incisive distribution, and <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AtB5RWcSPck">controlling the tempo of a game</a> with various numbers of touches in each phase. Add to this a dangerous long shot and, as the pivot pushes the trident midfield higher up the pitch, opposing forwards are likely to be dragged deeper and deeper, unwilling to leave him unchecked. This is bound to improve Tottenham's territorial game. His defensive qualities have been called into question but Huddlestone has previous as a competent central defender, and in Tottenham's best Premier League campaign (4th, 2009/10) he was the second most successful tackler (78%) in the squad, stronger even than the then brilliant Wilson Palacios. In the following season, including a Champions League campaign in which he played an important part, Huddlestone became the most successful tackler at the club. He missed last season through injury, so 2010/11 is an important reference point. As this comprehensive EPL Index report shows, there is little reason for a fully fit Tom Huddlestone not to be wearing the colours of either club or, especially, country. I remember giving up hope on Spurs retaining Champions League football once I had learnt of his injury in the middle of the season:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: large;">When Tottenham finished 4th in 2009-10, Tom Huddlestone made 33
Premier League appearances. He was a vital part of a successful team.
Last season he made only 13 starts. Is it possible that his absence was a
major factor in a less successful Tottenham team?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><i>How big is big Tom?</i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">After making his senior England debut and playing an important role in the charge for 4th, <a href="http://www.eplindex.com/1852/tom-huddlestone-main-man-middle.html#" id="_GPLITA_0" style="text-decoration: underline;" title="Powered by Text-Enhance">injury</a>
caused Huddlestone to miss most of an important season in his career.
Despite his injury problems, he was present for 6 wins, 5 draws and 2
losses. Spurs won 46% of their matches with Huddlestone, as compared
with 42% for the season as a whole and 40% without him. They also drew a
greater than average proportion of matches and lost only 15% of matches
with him (21% total average and 24% without him). Had Tottenham accrued
points at the same rate through the entire season that they did for his
13 appearances, they would have beaten Arsenal to that 4th place by one
point.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><i>Icing on the cake?</i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">When Huddlestone started matches, Spurs matched their season average of
77% completed passes and exceeded their average number of completed
passes (405 to 385)...</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">They averaged 20 shots per game with him and 16.9 without him. 14
chances created per game and 12 per game without him. These are slim
margins, but evidently, Spurs were more of an attacking threat with Tom
Huddlestone in the team.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><i>Heads and shoulders</i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">It is interesting to <a href="http://www.eplindex.com/1852/tom-huddlestone-main-man-middle.html#" id="_GPLITA_1" style="text-decoration: underline;" title="Powered by Text-Enhance">compare</a>
Huddlestone’s statistics with those of his midfield colleagues at
Tottenham. He averaged more touches per game Rafael Van Der Vaart,
Sandro and Wilson Palacios. His 79 touches per game... are only 8
less than teammate Luka Modric.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><i>A physical presence</i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Perhaps the most surprising statistic, Huddlestone completed a greater
proportion of tackles than any other Spurs midfielder and Tottenham were
a more robust defensive side with him in the team. They made 75%
successful tackles with him and only 71% without him. His statistics
also suggest a more <a href="http://www.eplindex.com/1852/tom-huddlestone-main-man-middle.html#" id="_GPLITA_2" style="text-decoration: underline;" title="Powered by Text-Enhance">complete</a>
player than any of his teammates. His tackling was statistically more
effective even than Sandro and Palacios, two players known primarily as
defensive midfielders. Huddlestone’s effective tackle rate of 86% is
among the best in the league for a midfielder. His pass completion rate... was higher than Van der Vaart and Sandro. Excluding long passes, Huddlestone has the highest rate of
completed passes of all Tottenham midfielders.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><i>A big hole in the team</i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Tom Huddlestone is clearly an important player, certainly the statistics
show that. He also brings a unique combination of physicality and
creativity which Spurs’ other midfield options lack. If his brief season
can be taken as a guide, Huddlestone’s absence may have been a decisive
factor in Spurs finishing 5th in 2010-11.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-size: large;">Ahead of his pivot, Villas-Boas believes in a shuttling midfielder and another technical master, both of whom have the intelligence to move into positions conducive to passing in triangles. The likes of Parker, Jermain Jenas and Jake Livermore may share the former role, while regular starter for Brazil, Sandro, was born for the latter. Tottenham's plethora of midfield players will aid Villas-Boas in the aforementioned in-game diamond-switch, when required. Meanwhile the signing of Gylfi Sigurdsson and the rumour of Moutinho, two more different, technically gifted midfielders provide further cause for optimism.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">At the back - or rather, for the last line of high pressure - Villas-Boas's now notorious high line will demand interdependent, quick and cultured defenders. Spurs have several gifted centre backs but may need another with these attributes to bolster the zonal confidence of a unit including Benoit Assou-Ekotto, Younes Kaboul and Kyle Walker. Steven Caulker has returned from loan after an assured, first Premier League season with Brendan Rogers's similar defence project at Swansea, and he could be a valuable addition. And with the news that Bale will definitely be a Tottenham player for at least another season, the biggest dilemma will be where he plays. Villas-Boas does not believe in full backs so much as wing backs (which will please Walker). Bale is at his best running from a deep, wide position, but whether the club will be able to field a better direct threat higher up the pitch remains to be seen this transfer window. It is likely Bale will adapt to play as Villas-Boas's left, outside forward, as the club already have one of the league's most consistent attacking full backs in Ekotto - second in the league last season for key interceptions (nearly 3 per game) and second also in creating the most goalscoring opportunities for his team: one every 66 minutes. One cause for concern is Brad Friedel's age and genre. The manager will need to rely on a (sweeper) keeper with good acceleration and natural distribution skills, the flaws that troubled Petr Cech last season.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: small;">Below: Daily Mail illustrations for an AVB diagram</span></span><br />
<img alt="" height="400" 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<h3>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></b></h3>
<h3>
<b><span style="font-size: large;">A Sensible Choice: What appointment isn't a risk?</span></b></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;">Andre Villas-Boas's record as a leader and tactician befits the playing staff at Spurs: they are in need of a young, thoughtful and ambitious coach; one who has worked for Jose Mourinho as a faceless protagonist in his celluloid-determined legacy. This was not just work experience for Villas-Boas: he was an integral function in Mourinho's machine - what the Real Madrid manager deemed his 'eyes and ears'. But Villas-Boas has since braved his own trope, towing the morbidly parked bus to make way for a smooth shuttle. Perhaps his greatest challenge will present itself in the coming weeks, as he tries - if he hasn't already succeeded - to win the respect, patience and commitment of his young squad, despite a programme of training and study quite different to what they have been used to. He is one of eleven managers to have won a European treble (domestic league competition + domestic cup competition + European competition). FC Porto were not champions of Portugal when Villas-Boas, a Portista since boyhood, took his dream job. So too Tottenham have recently failed, and Villas-Boas now has the chance to return that music theme, that blue-and-white font, those great clubs of the continent, to White Hart Lane next year. Judging a manager for failing in half a league campaign (all the greats have, more than once in their careers), or for being sacked by Roman Abramovich, is meaningless white noise, usually espoused by the kind of football fan who claims to care about the game and yet relegates it to a hobby for which thought is not required. Managers must be judged over a longer period, and for how they educate and utilise the players at their disposal.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<br />RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-33809927648505467022012-04-02T01:19:00.004+01:002012-04-02T02:42:39.524+01:00How's Annie?<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Water, finding a crack, and in its wake a spinning top of flame. The furor of sun is victory immemorial. (This is what it looks like.) The boy whose voice is breaking - we are in an American diner - drinks down helium from an unknotted balloon, sheds a skin of embarrassment, and no one sees biology. We prefer natural laughter, cohesion. Outside under the billowing stars and stripes a student isn't wearing a shirt, there is hair on his chest; at this time of year the glow from his lighter is untraceable. I am one person in this dream, I cannot find a reflection to confirm this existence. There are several other people I have known, some making strong promises, others conspiring trauma. Inside, a beach ball floats and bounces off windows, studding the dry air with raindrop sounds. Because we are by Brighton beach. Because this is a strange time and place: a year, a book, a malice. I am drinking a vanilla milkshake and it tastes of recycled saliva and soap, and my eyes lift and I say: <i>Evet</i>. A helicopter flies over, transporting a friend ready to see action in the Middle East. A couple of teachers, managing a school trip, stop on the paving and plan their hands over their eyes as they look skywards. Someone is swimming in the sea, close to a buoy. I know the fish are beautiful. A leg twitches, but the dread of a working day has not yet manifested. I have wasted years not sleeping, not loving enough real people. Blue fluid and orange fury weep and war. The cracks multiply, as though a wooden door is being slammed shut over and over, and I can't see whose face the shadow of violent anger closes over. The student - what else could he be on a Wednesday afternoon? - ashes for the last time, puts out. He has moved closer to the sea. He reads a book about memories that are captured and undressed for the world. A tap on a bare, muscular shoulder. Turn a turn. Her face is cruel and gentle. She panics and swallows. Out of her mouth comes more than Brighton; comes the Earth, the hospital in which my mother gave birth. I'm sitting there, in folds of shame. Aporia. <i>And the end of all our exploring / Will be to arrive where we started / And know the place for the first time</i>. A woman takes me in her acid arms and I watch my leg erode. I wake up with cramp and breathe in, remembering that knowing the difference between the reality of dreams and the reality of consciousness is not straightforward. I have remembered less than I had wanted to remember, and I have seen more than I had hoped to see.</span><br />
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<br />RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-47909343273189985612012-01-31T18:45:00.005+00:002012-02-01T12:41:49.102+00:00Finding<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">He can be found with Bowie, stopping in Lynchland, or flying over West Baltimore in a helicopter with David Simon, and later, in his childhood bed, browsing for something comparable on Amazon. He can be found in a Skype lie, rising with the wirelessness, at a safe, forced distance; then in a bar, watching someone else's team score, feeling something. The morning after his last day at work, he found himself on the toilet, reading Wendy Cope, at whom, a little younger, he had been stupid enough to sneer. Not having to forgive this insult, the page saw through his features and into him. She read her poem upwards from his thighs, the decision for each new word absolutely clear:</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>I can't forgive you. Even if I could,<br />You wouldn't pardon me for seeing through you.<br />And yet I cannot cure myself of love<br />For what I thought you were before I knew you.</i><br /> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">He chose the third person for his own amatuer catharsis, doubly faithful to uncontainable shame. Until now, he had associated autobiographical writing carried out in such a guise with the thrust of narcissism, never seeing through the smoke the possibility of this polar-opposite respiration, its floral inevitability. Despite wise frowns, there really are over-the-top scripts, cliches and implosions being lived through for unbearable, undisprovable reasons. Here, beaten like an egg, he is tapping hard his type, floating in a bowl. What he knows comes from pain or hope; from film roll, some strange comedians, rare throttling music; from his country and its trees, its sand and stone. The most difficult of all the relationships with knowledge was undoubtedly literature; books, emails, text messages, instruction manuals: the movements his eyes braved because of the page-paralysed words, and what might change because of them.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Some piece of him made an effort to stop being seen or listened to. He can be found at night in solitude, on the afternoon's village cricket square, under stars. Morsel of bat timber, a forgotten bail, one of his arms outstretched without the need for another's bones, shapes, body-kisses, skin. Not that they can be forgotten.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">In July, when he took the single and had made a century, he raised his bat for her in the light wind of an open field. He was out a few balls later.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">He looked at God from both sides, dipped in and out of pantheism, loved fragments of Greek myths, most of Shelley, the idea of Barcelona, Hollywood critiqued on the big screen. Had he any experience of these? They were dreams, attempts at honesty, that became passions. However privileged he was, or perhaps because he was privileged, he now found the sudden abolition of true love and the genocide of romantic memory impossibly slow and vivid this time, in some basement of Hell, the sewers below grief; even more of a challenge to survival than the fear of depression, failure or physical impairment. Suffering is determined by pace.<br /> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">If we choose to die, we cannot return; all speed and volley of feeling would go to the morgue, wrist-banded extinct by the waking and sleeping, loving and hating, nurse. There are finer philosophies than Wordsworth on change. And people live through winter. There are good people, bad people and some, between, waiting around the corner. So long as there is oxygen, then there are sprints and drum rolls remaining in any tank. If we choose to die, we cannot return or come; we cannot bid farewell, sleep drunk, swallow water, dream.</span></div>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-36140862326443895592011-12-29T04:53:00.002+00:002021-05-22T20:08:06.398+01:00Sorry, I have to return some videotapes<div class="SCX59517819">
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<span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline;">Spectacle and Speculation, Anti-Utopianism and Narcissism: Reading Bret Easton Ellis’s <i>American Psycho</i>, <i>Glamorama</i> and <i>Lunar Park</i>, from 1984, to 9/11, to 2666 <br /><br />Introduction</span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline;">: Reading Bret Easton Ellis</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Aimee
Light was in the graduate department at the college and, though not a
student of mine, was doing her thesis on my work, despite the
consternation of her adviser, who had unsuccessfully tried to talk her
out of it […] She was enamored of me but coolly, objectively, and this
distance made her far more alluring than the usual round of sycophants I
was accustomed to […] She kept pretending that her purpose was obscure.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bret Easton Ellis, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Since the publication of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
in 1991, its author, Bret Easton Ellis, has been the subject of
hysterical controversy. The novel is narrated, for the most part and
unreliably, by Wall Street b</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">usinessman, Patrick Bateman. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the struggle between desires</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">personal and social, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Patrick’s role oscillates between </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">humanist and misogynistic</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> speech-maker</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the trend</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">iest restaurants in New York.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> He</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> eulogises</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Whitney Houston and Genesis albums before raping </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">or killing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (sometimes both, sometimes with sharp inst</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ruments) unsuspecting vict</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ims. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">When</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Patrick</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> begins to doubt</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, nonplussed,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> his</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> apparent place in reality</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Disintegration –</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I’m taking it in stride’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">he</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> even attempts to fax the blood of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">one victim</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to an office.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> By his own</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> unacknowledged admission he works in ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">mu</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">rders and executions’ (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">misheard as</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">mergers and a</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">cquisitions</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ or, worse still, ‘mergers and… aqua-sessions’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">) </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> above all, he says: ‘I… want… to… fit… in</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> By the time Knopf decided to publish </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Ellis had already written two novels, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Less Than Zero</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (1985) and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Rules of Attraction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (1987),</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> satirising</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the hedonistic vacuity of young bourgeois America, but these new he</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ights of controversy –‘debates on CNN… a feminist boycott by the National Organization of Women… death threats’ – </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">were unprecedented in the spring of his career.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> As a phenomenon, simultaneous misreading and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">deformation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> are pervasive influences in Ellis’s subsequent two novels,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (1998) and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (2005). In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, both assumption and mutilation of identity and body continue to resound in another exaggerative plot, this time annexing the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> modelling</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> industry </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> terrorism. I</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">t-boy</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Victor Ward</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> glamorised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and disappeared in an increasingly digital and capricious, entertainment</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> multiverse</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Duplicitously</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> mocking and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">advancing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the notion of autobiography</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">then </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">sees Bret Easton Ellis (who, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">outside of the text</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, has no children) supersede</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Victor as the new I-narrator – a </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">father and author. The Bret Ellis character is trying to make</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a success of family life</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> while the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> spectres</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of his childhood and his book-writing, from his </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">own </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">dead father to Patrick Bateman, return and haunt. Clearly then, a maxim of violent and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">contemporary</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> spectacle, and a maxim of personal and public speculation, interdependen</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">tly explain what is meant by a ‘Brand Ellis’ – an expression recently integrated into</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">critical discourse</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> on Ellis by </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">American-literature essayist, James Annesley.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Brand Ellis is manifest intermedially in pop and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> alternative</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> culture, from Mary Hannon’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">2000 </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">cult film adaptation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, starring Christian Bale as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Patrick </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ba</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">teman, to celebrity magazines </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">such as</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Disappear He</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">re</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">recurrent phrase in</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Less Than Zero</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">reappearing in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">)</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> edited by Peaches Geldof. Interviews with Ellis, as well as a </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">trailer for </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">his</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> most </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">recent novel, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Imperial Bedrooms</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, are popular on YouTube. T</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">here are </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">allusions</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to the books on critically acclaimed albums by, among others, Bloc Party and The National (referenced</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> reciprocally</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Imperial Bedrooms</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">)</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> as well as a classical composition</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama Spies</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by Lorenzo Ferrero</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. Meanwhile d</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">iverse merchandise and even fan websites</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, fleshing out the life stories of Ellis’s recurring characters,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> are available on the internet.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> This phenomenon, stemming from one </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">corpus</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of writing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">has to</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> be </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">taken into</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> account if Ellis’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">method</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is to be properly examined.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">There are three underdeveloped approaches</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, discarded or obscured,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in previous critical work on </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the author</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. Michael P. Clark </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">touches on the first of these </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in his essay, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Violence, Ethics and the Rhetoric of Decorum in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Clark writes:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Patrick’s frustration may be read as the effect of a utopian impulse toward engagement with others that is</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> realised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in the rheto</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">rical connection Patrick’s act </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">of narration establishes with the reader […] The </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">impulse to engage with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">others </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in any form is manifest only as momentary disrup</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">tions in Patrick’s illusion of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">autonomy, power, and authority.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In Chapter One, I will elaborate on the above conn</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ection in thought U</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">topianism and narcissism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> connection which immediately suggests that </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> has an important role to play in contemporary uto</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">pian critici</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">sm, especially for an academy </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">employed to read, write and teach</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the same consumerist society Ellis is satirising</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. With the escalated </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">tension between</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the problem of the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">spectacle </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(the I-narrator who ‘seeks recognition rather than judgment’ in his attempts at speaking and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">appearing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">)</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">and the problem of speculation (personal assumption and moral </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">condemnation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">)</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">that</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> comes after </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Ellis continues to</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">engage </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">with narcissism in another hyperbolic dystopia, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In this novel</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">t</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">he slippery pun in Victor’s recurrent</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> phrase</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘The better you look, the more you see’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, corresponds with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">unpredictable and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> heinous criminal activity in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> labyrinth plot.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">development</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> this relationship</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and tension</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, the second</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and third</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of these commonly snubbed approaches </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">announce themselves</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. The metafictional and autofictional el</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ements at work in these novels –</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the promotio</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">n, as it were, of a Brand Ellis – </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">invites the question of intellectual </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">dis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">honesty. Is Ellis guilty of the very narcissism he has critiqued for so long? </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">And</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> would </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">rebuttal of this accusation, through autofiction, constitute</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">courage</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">? </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Politically sealed</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> misreadings of the novels</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and Ellis’s sometimes banal, sometimes explosive</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> referen</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">cing system for popular culture</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">provide a means of answering</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> these questions in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Chapter Two</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">To my judgment, the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> very</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> publication of an autofiction, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, necessitates this </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">analysis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Since </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">this</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> study becomes increasingly personal in examining the writing process of Bret Easton Ellis, it is appropriate and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">moreover</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ethically imperative </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Ellis’s writing and, at least tangentially, his</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> interna</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">tional fame were initiated by a</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">n </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">abusive father –</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">to submit the satirist t</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">o the psychoanalysis which his</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">partly </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">autobiographic</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">al’ novels, written out of ‘pain’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> demand.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Because the line between Ellis and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">his</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">fiction </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">deliberately</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> blurred, one can avoid the trap of</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> psychoanalysing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the author at the expense of close-reading the text. Jacques Lacan’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">seminars</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> on fear</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and on </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">language</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> will </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">support this argument</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. I</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> will</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">clarify</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> what I mean in my title</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by ‘Spectacle and Speculation’ </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">through reference</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the French Marxist, Guy Debord,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">social fragments from his socio-political critique,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Society of the Spectacle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. For Debord,</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The spectacle is the moment when the commodity has attained the total </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">occupation of social life. Not only is the relation to the commodity visible but it is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">all one sees: the world one sees is its world.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The three Ellis novels</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, prioritised in this essay,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> can be said to</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">satirise</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in the following way</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">: </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lacanian fear</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">hidden or hiding </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Real</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">)</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">spectacle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(to which </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the author</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> belongs) is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ironically and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">thus</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">successfully reconciled </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the comparable anxiety</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> which speculation about </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis as anti-feminist or postmodernist has </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">surfaced</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Besides</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">improving</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
on these approaches, I maintain that I am justified in unifying them
under the argument that Ellis, as an ironist, is not only aware of the
difficulty in seeing through the bleakness of his narratives, but </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">moreover </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">that he is motivated by society and his </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">experiences</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> within it to point to the absence of</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a world </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in which there is structure; </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">world</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in which, for Patrick Bateman or any American, there is no </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">impossible struggle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, elliptically,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ‘to</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">…</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> fit</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">…</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> In addition I </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">have chosen to use Roberto Bolañ</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">o’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (2004), translated from the Spanish by Natasha </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Wimmer (2008), as an epic novel</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> appropriate for textual comparison. Considering the small body of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">critical work thus far on Ellis, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">finding </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a comparable project </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in contemporary fiction is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">useful to say the least</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> In contrast to Ellis’s minimalism and hyperbole, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’s style is more lyrical and metaphor driven. However, as Ian Thomson suggests unwittingly in his review for </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Independent</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> can be read as a vital companion. Apart from the encouraging, if </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">insubstantial</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
remark that ‘All human life is contained in these burning pages’,
Thomson praises the book for its courage, the brutal social realism of
which is</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> recognisable</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in Ellis’s work:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">) chose </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">to reject the "magical realism" associated with Garcia Marquez in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Colombia, and fashion a darker, more astringent fiction […] </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, a detective </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">novel without a solution, contains much dark philosophical</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> humour</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">wickedly effective pastiche and pages of gutsy, irreverent boisterousness (not to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">mention peculiar sex) […] </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> offers an apology for the novel as a vast network </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">that links all things, no matter how trivial or disparate.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">For its </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">anti-utopian </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">testimony</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to the uncertainty principle </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">both Ellis and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">immerse themselves in disorder</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">on the side of humour, trauma and critique</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">neither author prepared</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to draw a convenient finishing line for the reader)</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and in the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> horrifying and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">darkly </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">amusing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> picture</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of amoral </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">epochs</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> I recommend</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">final</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> novel </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">for</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the material discussed in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">both chapters</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of this essay.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Whether</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> it is proved by the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">cutting of the cord</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">b</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">e</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">tween signifier and signified that</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> privilege</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">narcissism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">as the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">agent</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> for anti-utopianism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> or</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">by </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ensuing </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">struggle between </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">an</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> intermedial</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> cult and intellectual honesty,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> or </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">through psychoanalysis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Ellis’s style, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">metafiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and now legacy are in truth determinedly nostalgic. This nostalgia is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">pointing to</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a morally and intellectually aware community of consumers and experts, rather than the self-</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">enamored</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">destructive</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> whirlpool of post</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">modernis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">m Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> satirises</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">with an</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ironical poststructuralism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> This</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> whirlpool in Brand Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is no less terrifying than the one located on Homer’s map of fantasy, except that the contemporary author shifts the focus of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">nostos</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> from the individual hero to society. The novels redescribe Debord’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Society of the Spectacle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> as</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> sensationalised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by flexibly monstrous and philosophically blind I-narrators.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">So </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">would submit that new readers</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> o</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">f Ellis’s work </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">should</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">abstain</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> from </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">postmodern</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ist</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">indulgence</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> recognising</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">his</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> satire of</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> spectacle </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the ironic failure </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">such an</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> approach </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> instead</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">strive tow</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ards </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a structuralist polemic</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. 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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">1. </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline;">Spectacles of Narcissism and the Anti-Utopian Response</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">As </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">individuals and as a nation, we now suffer from social narcissism. The </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">beloved Echo of our ancestors, the virgin America, has been abandoned. We </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">have fallen in love with our own image, with images of our making, which </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">turn out to be images of ourselves.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">- Daniel J. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Boorstin</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">We belong in a movie.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">- The National</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I have introduced the connection, glimpsed by Michael P. Clark in his essay, between narcissism and Utopianism central to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and, I argue, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. I should make it clear what I mean by both of these concepts with reference to previous work in each trope.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Narcissism</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">C</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">onsidering
the frequency of hyperbolic, set piece descriptions of sex and violence
as narrated by Patrick Bateman, an orthodox Freudian interpretation of
narcissism is immediately striking:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Those suffering from this condition […] display two characteristics: </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">megalomania, and withdrawal of interest from the external </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">world.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Julie Kristeva has updated this definition by registering the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> anaesthesia</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and narrative panic, endemic to this megalomania and thus to Ellis’s anti-utopianism:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Narcissism protects emptiness, causes it to exist, and thus, as a lining of that </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">emptiness, insures an elementary separation. Without that solidarity between </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">emptiness and narcissism, chaos would sweep away any possibility of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">distinction, trace, and symbolization, which would in turn confuse the limits </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">of the body, words, the real, and the symbolic.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The
privileging of vacuity, in place of reason and comprehension, runs
through Ellis’s work. Its tyranny and the dark ironies that result from
its vitality provide the moral-philosophical means for an anti-utopian
fiction. I argue that this space lies, in a fusion of ethics and
aesthetics, between Susan Sontag’s summary of pornography (‘the question
is not whether consciousness or whether knowledge, but the quality of
the consciousness and of the knowledge’) and her assessment of fascist
art as displaying ‘a utopian aesthetics – that of physical perfection’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
The former observation sets the task for the author of anti-utopia to
meet or introduce a certain ‘quality’ in(to) the tradition, so that
nihilistic details may be justified and valued. By proxy the latter
observation, of fascistic art, shows how Ellis has fulfilled this task
and thereby warrants critical attention; the desire towards ‘physical
perfection’, requiring in its subjectivity a discourse or fashion, ought
immediately to remind those who have read the novels – comprehensively
and contemporarily</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> contextualised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> –</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
of the narcissistic and materialistic desperation with which Patrick
Bateman and Victor Ward attempt to keep up appearances for fear of
substitution, this prospect being no worse for them than annihilation.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">However,
anti-utopianism is not purely a warning system. I would submit that
fiction, as a product of imagination, cannot be reduced by literary
criticism to the perfunctory. Anti-utopianism, particularly in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
is the ironical flipside of the Utopian coin. Clearly important to
Patrick Bateman are ‘Desire and design, harmony and hope’, and according
to the sociological critic, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Krishan</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Kumar, these ambitions ‘go into the making of utopia’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
simply written, is both a horrible and funny book. Fortunately there is
no longer a microphone for the hysterical rejection of this work of
fiction, on the grounds that it is a ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">femicide</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ – for the crime of which, ‘there are more ways than one to skin Bret Easton Ellis’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> This change in the zeitgeist is especially true since the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">film adaptation in 2000</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, which was directed by feminist, Mary Ha</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">rr</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">on.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">T</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">h</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ose early, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">embittered responses </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">can be </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">summari</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ed</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">as
‘strategies for not reading, for refusing the obligation to reply that
distinguishes ethical reading from moral condemnation.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Perhaps the only remark with the power to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">demoralise</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Ellis’s readership is the lie – the only point in their </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">committee-</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">essay
at which Baxter or Craft has anything to say about the aesthetic of the
novel – that ‘Norman Mailer thinks Ellis is a poor writer’. What Mailer
in fact wrote was that </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> was ‘the first novel to come along in years that takes on deep and Dostoyevskian themes.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Ironically, Baxter’s and Craft’s non-reading prodded my research to
observe a formidable link between Dostoyevsky and Ellis. In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Brothers Karamazov</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is the famous line, now a regular citation in debates about religion, spoken by </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kolya</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Of
course, God is only a hypothesis but – I admit that he is necessary for
– for order – for world order and so on, and that if there were no God
he’d have to be invented,’ </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kolya</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> added, beginning to blush.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the satirical </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">discourse</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of the spectacle, whether morality is innate in us or whether it has been revealed through scripture is irrelevant theology. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kolya’s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> hesitation, in her caesura and embarrassment, suggests </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">moreover </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">that Dostoyevsky, like Ellis, is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">deeply concerned</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> about the absence of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">any stable structure</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
rather than the absence of a deity as such. The embrace of instability
sparks the maximum acceleration of the spectacle. Although elusive, like
Dostoyevsky, in</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> asserting through his writing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a personal belief system, Ellis does seem to be in agreement on this first cause of absolute confusion. Incidentally in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
the apparently reformed Victor Ward includes reading Dostoyevsky in his
new life of attempted, authentic interaction with people and things.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">It is clear then that the narcissistic process in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, and in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> prior to Victor</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">transformation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">is asserted cyclically by language in the following way:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The limits of representation in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
are evident in Patrick’s accounts of violence when he confuses words
and images (signifiers) with what they represent or signify (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">signifieds</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">). That confusion makes true signification or communication impossible.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In
the final chapter of the novel, “At Harry’s”, the reader is bombarded
with this dislocation. There is a nonsensical dialogue between
interchangeable characters, in which frivolous commands (‘Shut up,
McDermott’), pseudo-social questions (‘How’s Courtney?’) and remarks
about drugs are randomly interjected without a hint of absorption.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Framing this sequence, in passages </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">as close as the novel gets to a genuinely political discussion</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Ellis </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">confirms the non-comprehension worn by his American psycho(s) amid the pressure and noise of the spectacle:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">On
the screen now are scenes from President Bush’s inauguration early this
year, then a speech from former President Reagan, while Patty delivers a
hard-to-hear commentary. Soon a tiresome debate forms over whether he’s
lying or not, even though we don’t, can’t, hear the words. The first
and really only one to complain is Price, who, though I think he’s
bothered by something else […] asks, “How can he lie like that? How can
he pull that </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">shit</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">?”…</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Oh
brother.” Price won’t let it die. “Look,” he starts, trying for a
rational appraisal of the situation. “He presents himself as a harmful
old codger. But inside…” He stops. My interest picks up, flickers
briefly. “But inside…” Price can’t finish the sentence, can’t add the
last two words he needs: </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">doesn’t matter</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Price’s
isolated skepticism (though it’s possible ‘he’s bothered by something
else’) is a fleeting sideshow for Patrick, whose affectless use of the
word ‘complain’ nullifies politics </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">into</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">some</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">thing
comparable to restaurant service. Patrick then announces himself to the
table as ‘just a happy camper’ before his last written words, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">describing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">construction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of a sign in the bar, are doubled in meaning: ‘THIS IS NOT AN EXIT’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Bookending </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, this doubling is replete </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">with</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
anti-utopian significance, with the very first sentence of the novel
having also described the writing of a totalitarian slogan: ‘ABANDON ALL
HOPE YE WHO ENTER is scrawled in blood red lettering…’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Telling Victor Ward’s story, mostly through Victor as I-narrator, Ellis then adapts this program of randomly firing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, inextinguishable </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">signifiers for a spectacular paronomasia of a novel, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
anticipating in the process the sublime photography of twenty-first
century terrorism. The narrative is a portable film set decorated with
prevailing confetti, incriminating evidence and amputated, flung body
parts, ‘most of them real’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
The characters ‘are just reflections of our time’, and our I-narrator
is somebody who refers to himself in the third person – the archetypal
Narcissus and Echo mono-dia-logue.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">one</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Chapter 23 (the chaptering of the novel counts up and down with apt
instability) the protagonist and his disposable associates are
cataloguing at length the celebrities worth inviting to the opening
night of Victor’s club.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Hence Nielsen</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> summarises</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the essence of the novel as follows:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> displays many characteristics of the contemporary extreme. But it adds to this genre two related and interconnec</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ted features: firstly, a great </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">interest in the surface and the superficial, a</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">nd secondly, a doubling of the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">narrative voice.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Narcissism accelerates correspondingly with the concept of the I-narrator, as both continue to evolve after </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. The plot and narrative voice of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
splice to form an even more uncertain storyteller. Victor is ‘not sure
of anything’ and the double meaning in his anaphoric catchphrase</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">proleptic</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of his capitulation,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a remark on this: ‘The better you look, the more you see’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> It is precisely because disaffection – connected to the surfaces </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">observed by</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Debord in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Society of the Spectacl</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">e</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> – is a genuine social concern that the novels are anti-utopian in their satirical proclivity:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The response to the books, from a certain </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">kind of community that is very </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">critical of the books, is that there is an </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">affectl</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">essness</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to them, a numbness to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">them, and because of the numbness there is a p</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">roblem with them – as if there </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">are feelings we’re supposed to have when we re</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ad a novel, and as if numbness </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">isn’t a feeling. Numbness </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">is</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a feeling. To encoun</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ter that in a work can be very </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">interesting […] It is a problem for very literal minded readers.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis is not wrong about the real emotional crisis in his novels.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Just as Victor despairs in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">assonant </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">anacoluthon,
‘You try to care. But you can’t. Even if you wanted to, you can’t’, so
too Patrick Bateman finds himself suffocated by an overload of culture
and the subsequent aesthetic indiscrimination brought about by this</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">; h</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">e screams in his routine refuge, the video store: ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">There are too many fucking movies to choose from</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Then consider that the Bret Ellis writer in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
pitied by the real-life Bret Easton Ellis in one interview as a
‘clown’, is a predominantly amoral protagonist who would in fact have
merited the non-fictional critical bypassing of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> which took place after its publication.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Here, in the compressed space between the composition and reception of a
novel, lies the most salient warning about narcissism – its contagious
poverty of self-criticism.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Anti-Utopia</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Clarence Brown</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in his Introduction to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yevgeny</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Zamyatin’s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> seminal anti-utopia, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">We</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, captures the stupidity of postmodernism as a ubiquitously</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> practised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> concept:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">We</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, and all similar dystopias, are among the only works that truly deserve to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">be called postmodern. If modern means what any reader in any conceivable </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">today regards as up-to-date opinion and style, then every imagined distant </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">future will be irretrievably </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">post</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> all such notions.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Considering that </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> are entrenched in the present tense and in contemporary, American popular culture, Brown’s statement </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">poses</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
an immediate problem for any determinedly postmodernist reader hoping
to govern a discourse on these novels. As far as anti-utopianism is
concerned, Ellis’s contribution to, and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> revitalisation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
of, this particular genre in the English language (defined
conventionally through warnings of serfdom and literal-mindedness in
H.G. Wells (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Time Machine</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, 1895), Aldous Huxley (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Brave New World</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, 1932) and George Orwell (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Nineteen Eighty-Four</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, 1949)) answers Brown’s call to restrict the application of the word ‘postmodern’. By setting his anti-utopia, not in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ‘distant future’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of his predecessors</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
but in the uncertain present-tense narrations of unreliable Patrick or
disappearing Victor, Ellis creates ideal conditions for rebuking the
postmodern (non-) perspective. Only in the poststructuralist haven of
the narcissist could Jacques Derrida’s strange (I mean this
non-complimentarily) assertion possibly be made sense of: ‘Critique and
non-critique are fundamentally the same’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">When asked whether or not he was worried </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
would date quickly because of its preoccupation with the here and now
in the Reagan years of excess, Ellis takes solace in the
stream-of-consciousness method for a modern end-product, by referring to
one of many predecessors, James Joyce, for</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> defence</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">There’s a kind of dead literature that worries about things like that. If you’re </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">that kind of artist, I’m not at that table. What would </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Ulysses</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> be like if Joyce </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">did not use the most arcane, up to the minute, cultural references throughout </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">that entire day – actresses, actors, songs, books? I mean that day in Ireland is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">crammed full of opera singers of the time.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Considering
how ‘Orwell is still understood and treated as a futuristic thinker
even after 1984 has come and gone as a date’, or that the myth of
Ulysses and its most famously inspired novel are still encountered
critically, so too the radical novels of Bret Easton Ellis have slowly
attracted literary criticism, in spite of the contemporary extreme and
discomfiture.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> In principle Ellis and Orwell’s corpuses are at present comparable only in</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> their journalistic </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">syntax
and in the pathetic failure of catharsis in their writing. In the
essay, ‘Why I Write’, Orwell says about himself and about fiction:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Writing a book is a horrible, exhausting struggle, like a long bout of some </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">painful illness. One would never undertake such a thing if one were not driven </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">on by some demon whom one can neither resist nor understand. For all one </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">knows that demon is simply the same instinct that makes a baby squall for </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">attention. And yet it is also true that one can write nothing readable unless one </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">constantly struggles to efface one's own personality. Good prose is like a </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">windowpane.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The personal circumstances – the ‘demon’ and the effacement of ‘one’s own personality’ –</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in the writing process will be examined properly in the next chapter, which </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">provides a reading of</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. It would be ‘arbitrary and foolish to read the text (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Nineteen </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Eighty-Four</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> or </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> or </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">) in the mental</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> straight</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">-jacket of a course on utopian and anti-utopian literature.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Visibly reflected, however, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in the narcissism and disintegration on display in Ellis’s novels, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Orwell’s belief</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘that individuality can only be destroyed when we are utterly alone.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Considering then that Ellis’s novels are largely narrated in the first
person and present tense, remarks on style and syntax must be made if
the case for narcissism, as a force in the social anti-utopia, stands.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Style</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Without
Ellis’s determinedly idiosyncratic minimalism (his ‘windowpane’ prose
panicking I-narrators with its ‘specks’), no such relationship would
exist in the novels.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Polysendeton</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> or anaphora set the tone for almost every passage</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in his corpus</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">of course </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">both of these are</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">devices
of repetition. Words used consistently in repetition, most of them
perfunctory conjunctives and pronouns (‘and’, ‘but’, ‘so’, ‘I’, ‘I’m’),
outlay the banal thoughts of the narcissist,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> seamlessly</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> paving the gross step from monotony to monstrous nihilism, a </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">style</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> inescapably anti-utopian in its </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">detachment from tragedy</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The problem is that so many people are not ready to die, </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> they start </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">vomiting with panic </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> fear as the plane drops another thousand feet […] the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">plane starts breaking up more rapidly </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">and the dying comes in waves</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> […] </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Another young man keeps shouting “</span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">Mom Mom </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">Mom</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">” until part of the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">fuselage flies backward, pinning him to his seat </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ripping him in half, but he </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">just goes into shock </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> doesn’t die until the plane smashes haphazardly into </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the forest below </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">and the dying comes in waves</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">This example, typical in style, shows why Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s writing has been described as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a signature affectless, flattened prose</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, though a claim made by the same critic that he comes </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">as close to journalistic objectivity as possible</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> must be revised in account of the hyperbole and deliberate overload of repetition.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I selected the above passage from </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">as a reminder that the narrative point of view is not always </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">from the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">first</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">person</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. Meanwhile </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
is the first novel Ellis commits to the past tense. This decision, as
evidence for reading Ellis through a social as opposed to political
spectacle, is described by Colby:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s break with the present tense at the start of a new century marks a very different social climate. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">N</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">o longer caught within the present, Lunar Park points to what Geoffrey Hartman refers to as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the impossibility of presenting the present.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> The novel attests to this paradox in representing the present.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">A</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s with the rest of themes in Ellis’s novels, the I-narrator agent </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">is unable to establish</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a dependable structure.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">P</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">redominantly in contrast to the above </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">example, from </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">style</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">sculpting</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the author’s thematic framework, the effect of Roberto </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño’s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> use of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">repetition </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">more</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">about </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">transparent fragmentation than affectless expansion. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">For one thing, the word </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">body</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">appears</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> precisely one hundred times in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Wimmer</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> translation, and each of these bodies is depicted in the extremes of pain, pleasure or mutilation.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> In ‘The Part </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">A</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">bout </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">T</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">he Killings’, anaphora and leitmotif coincide</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> at the beginning of new blocks of text; in a suspense of aesthetic judgment not to be found in Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s gore, dead bodies are always female, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">appearing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">found</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Banality in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is intoned </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">through</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a distant third person and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">consistent </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">past tense</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">hence</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the bodies are appearing and found, not killed (like Patrick</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s victims or Victor</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s co-</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">stars</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">) in the action of text. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the absence of spoken outrage the omniscient narration is, as with Ellis’s protagonists, affectless. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">It is inferable that</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is challenging the reader’s stamina </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">for</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">rejecting ethically</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">euphemisation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
brutal and repeated loss of life, or as if the plot’s continuum of
autopsy is being transmitted by an exhausted documentary maker –</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">these effects </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">are </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">imbued with the Freudian notion of detachment I </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">quoted</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">previously</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. Clearly</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> then</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, the crucial dissimilarity</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> itself an anti-utopian victory for variety over prescribed living </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> between Ellis and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in their unflinching fictions of violence is due to forms of narration.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I
began this chapter by searching for definitions of narcissism, made by
historically significant figures in literary criticism, as compatible
with the I-narrators of Bret Easton Ellis. This search was born less out
of convenience, and more through the fact that my study is literary and
its focus is on hyperbolic descriptions of the spectacle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> out of control</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, for Patrick and Victor </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ‘a mystical abandon of the self to the transcendence of the commodity’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> The difference when approaching </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is that, as opposed to Ellis’s pathological, malleable or </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">autofictional</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> storyteller being confined to a </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">specific</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> contemporary moment in bourgeois America, narcissism in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is interpretable on a web of pathology established by 898 pages of social realism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, ranging in culture and time</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. There is an important discrepancy to be identified here: between this sometimes macabre and always social novel (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">),
provoking socio-political interpretations, and the same genre of
violent, socially aware fiction in Ellis. For the latter, first person
immediacy tests the reader’s impulse of flight or fight, or rather
patience and comprehension; do we repudiate Bret Easton Ellis, the
filthy narcissist who goes as far as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">autofiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, or face the novels as exaggerated warnings about the threat of this condition? The questions asked by </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> are more far-reaching and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">may invite</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> criminal justice, clinical psychology</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, theological</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and philosophy of ethics, among other, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">discourses</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. These questions emerge because, unlike with the Ellis novels, reliability </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">of text</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">or</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">:</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">W</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ho </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">really is the composer?) is not a perennial concern</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. This </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">is</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, as a theme in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, instead enforced by dissonance in the other</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">:</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the friendship between Norton, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Morini</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Pelletier and Espinoza </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">forms and disintegrates </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in the literary and physical navigation of the author, Reiter / </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Archimboldi</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> whose final </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Part</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is not theirs to read.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> In contrast: </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Throughout </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Ellis is concerned with the ethics surrounding the becoming real of cultural and authorial fictions.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the final part of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, remaining in the past tense and third person, Reiter </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">describes</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">wartime </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">conditions of abyssal, collective violence using </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">intermediality</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> as a metaphor.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sheer lyrical clarity is why these conditions are </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">recognisable</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
in the cult of Patrick Bateman, amplified by Christian Bale’s
performance in the film adaptation (in which Patrick ‘is no worse than
everyone else’ on camera), and in his howling garble of unstructured,
endlessly signifying desire.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> The passage reads:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Meanwhile,
Reiter noted, interest in sex had waned considerably, as if the war had
used up men’s reserves of testosterone, pheromones, desire, and no one
wanted to make love anymore. They only fucked whores […] desire was
really the mask of something else; </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">a theatre of innocence, a frozen slaughterhouse, a lonely street, a movie theatre</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. The women he saw were like girls who’ve just woken up from a terrible nightmare.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
storytelling varies wildly in time and place – a mystery of authorial
identity for academics, visual art, journalism, homicide in modern
Mexico and in the final part, the Second World War. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Conversely f</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">or Ellis, I-narrator storytelling itself annexes the pluralism in such a spectrum</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">;</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in ridiculous plots, Patrick Bateman is the erratic narrator, Victor Ward is volatile and the Bret Ellis character (in an </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">autofictional</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> theme park) at once </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">analeptically</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">proleptically</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
mocks the speculation and the postmodern conviction which serve to blur
and pollute the different meaning of the words, ‘fact’ and ‘truth’, in
works of fiction. For </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">example</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Economist</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> lazily assumes the protagonist in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is a ‘carbon copy’ of the author.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Therefore, the anti-utopian text is not necessarily restricted to an
imagined society of the future, to a single tense or point of view.
Indeed this </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">multistylism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, in either </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
or Ellis, is the basis for a literary attack against the literal-minded
totalitarianism which exists in the narcissism that is generated by
spectacle:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The
spectacle is the existing order’s uninterrupted discourse about itself,
its laudatory monologue. It is the self-portrait of power in the epoch
of its totalitarian management of the conditions of existence.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In this way, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Debord’s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">text</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">adaptable for</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a variety of authors.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Private and Public Lives</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The following, abridged passage is from a speech made in 2007 by Sam Harris, the iconoclast and neuroscientist:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">A person one day notices that life is difficult. He notices even at the best of times (no one close to him has died, there are</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> no hostile armies amassing in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the distance, the fridge is stocked with beer) that </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">at the level of his attention, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">moment-to-moment, he is seeking happiness and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> only finding temporary relief </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">from his search. Our pleasures are, by their very</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> nature, fleeting. The best we </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">can do is merely reiterate them […] The effor</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">t required to keep boredom and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">dissatisfaction and doubt at bay continues </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">[…] Is it possible to be happy </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">before anything happens, before one’s desires are gratified, in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the very midst </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">of life’s vicissitudes? I think this question lies </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">at the periphery of everyone’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">consciousness. Many of us are living as if the answer is ‘No’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Putting
to one side the case against religion, Harris here is identifying the
primary spectacle of materialism in the United States. Later in this
speech he </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">describes</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
an autonomy of ‘solitary confinement’ – a concept burdened by the super
ego to be associated with ‘punishment’ – as a potential way of
responding to the above question of everyday amorality.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
The example is useful for illustrating why Ellis’s busy I-narrators,
uninterrupted by the self-criticism available in solitary confinement, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">manufacture</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
the conditions for a totalitarian triptych: nihilism, narcissism and
solipsism. In the American novel, this triptych is never more
fanatically embraced than by Patrick Bateman. In an unpublished fragment
now filed in the Salman Rushdie Archive at Emory University, Rushdie,
another writer of fiction and recipient of death threats, once wrote:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The
opposite of hatred is love. The opposite of tyranny is love. The
opposite of censorship is love. The opposite of evil is love. The
opposite of politics is love. The opposite of war is love. The opposite
of God is love.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Love,
in order to be an opposite, in order for opposites merely to be
consciously registered, requires the collapse of narcissism. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, with determinedly numb accounts of torture, are committed to exaggerating the nihilistic collapse of structure</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">after which, love is absolutely deprived of anything other than Patrick or Victor’s solipsism.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">This was the geography around which my reality revolved: it did not occur to me, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">ever</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
that people were good or that a man was capable of change, or that the
world could be a better place through one’s taking place pleasure in a
feeling or look or a gesture, or receiving another person’s love or
kindness […] Intellect is not a cure. Justice is dead. Fear,
recrimination, innocence, sympathy, guilt, waste, failure, grief, were
things, emotions, that no one really felt anymore. Reflection is
useless, the world is senseless. Evil is its only permanence. God is not
alive. Love cannot be trusted.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Here, when his thoughts </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">bsurdly resemble in language what </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Salman </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Rushdie
says, Patrick Bateman nonetheless falls short of moral philosophy with
the solipsistic rejection of not even an argument but ‘reflection’
itself, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">thus erasing </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the possibility of reflection for others. His cataloguing of morally loaded words – as with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">his</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
processes of fashion or mutilating women’s bodies – conveys a
superficial familiarity only with signifying language. Nothing, for
Patrick, is signified or </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">hence</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> significant. This solipsism is reinforced synonymously by the masculine-made, nihilism-</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">embellished</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> implication that interference in human affairs by an absolute, permanent authority, namely ‘God’, would </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">mean the antithesis of</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
evil. The triptych of nihilism, narcissism and solipsism is an
anti-utopian theme because while Patrick may be wrong that ‘no one
really felt anymore’, this is nonetheless an explicit assertion. Its
sudden recourse to the past tense and its overload of signifiers – ‘The
loss of the language of communication is positively expressed by the
modern movement of decomposition of all art, its formal annihilation’ –
automate the invitation to narcissism, all around Patrick in
business-class Manhattan, which we have no reason to doubt in the novel.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Although</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by definition, we have every </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">reason</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to reject this invitation.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">To point out the totality and literary hyperbole </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">provoked by</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
narcissism, one needs only to recall the passage in which Patrick is
disappointed that two rats he has purchased have not eaten one another</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. E</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ven cannibalism has become a protean and omniscient project</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">let alone</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a measure of consumer prestige.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Like Harris above, Ellis’s social concern is fixed on ‘moment-to-moment’ hedonism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. T</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">he description by Patrick of his own interaction with others</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘surface, surface, surface’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">)</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is repeated within </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">then </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">transformed </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">for</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Victor into</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">:</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ‘We’ll slide down the surface of things’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> This</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> amount</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> numbness</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> banality</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">have examined</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
with regard to repetition and style. In the absence of true
contemplation (which is neither an elaborate review of a Genesis album,
nor the cataloguing of skin and hair products) and because of his
indifference to other human life, Patrick’s only means of solitary
confinement occurs when he is focused on his dead victims as physical
objects, kept in the same room and mental breath as the china plate and
Wurlitzer jukebox he has bought as if to</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> honour</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
superfluity. The connection between immediate, faceless, consumer
service, and total violence, deepens, provoking a brutal and ridiculous
account of mutilation:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">After an hour of digging, I detach her spinal cord and decide to Federal Express the thing without cleaning it, wrapped in t</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">issue, under a different name, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">to Leona </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Helmsley</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. I want to drink t</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">his girl’s blood as if it were </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">champagne and I plunge my face deep into what’s left of he</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">r stomach, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">scratching my chomping jaw on a broken rib.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In this</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> realised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> analogy of blood and champagne, Christopher Hitchens’s anti-utopian definition of, or justification for, the word, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">evil</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> – </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘the surplus value generated by totalitarianism’ – is adaptable for </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">reflecting on</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the surplus value generated by social narcissism.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Contemplation is so seldom admitted that we cannot be sure Ellis is not
mocking Patrick when the I-narrator does in fact pause, after this
episode of cannibalism, confessing: ‘I want to be loved’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> By juxtaposing the active, verbal acknowledgement of existence (‘to be’) with the passive value of intimacy (‘loved’), </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">windowpane</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
prose captures the narcissistic failure of the individual. This is
because the relationship within that juxtaposition, between lover and
loved, signifier and signified, could not possibly be</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> recognised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, nor realised,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by the narcissist himself.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Ultimately for Patrick, there can be no </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">anagnorisis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> – no</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> realisation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> moment giving structure to his narration or moral personage. He simply continues to confuse and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> appal</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the reader; purchasing, uttering, killing. With Patrick as Wall Street clone and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">monster</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, the novel explains why Sam Harris’s familiar ethical question and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">different ways of interpreting </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">solitary confinement are oxygenic to the discussion of narcissism in its anti-utopian stripe.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Controversy
and speculation about Bret Easton Ellis will be examined in greater
detail in Chapter Two. At this point, however, it is important to notice
that a totalitarian mindset has the power to determine the controversy
and speculation anticipated by, and ensuing, the novels. One Los Angeles
bookstore put into each copy of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a disclaimer, saying:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dear Reader: Book Soup is making this book available to you because of our </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">commitment to the doctrine of freedom of expression. This should not be an </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">endorsement of the contents.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The religious mindset, as Orwell observed in his writing on censorship, is on all fours with totalitarianism.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">This is not an unrelated consideration. I</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ronically, for a novel in which delusion can never be asserted against, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, in pre-publication and upon publication, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">was met with the same response that</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> organised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> religion forces upon itself to provide: the permission to have free will according to an authority. Hence the irony</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">not untypical</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> disclaimer above</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is its very moral purpose, a masquerade. The apology-in-advance abolishes any authentic freedom by polluting</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">for the adult individual and the adult collective</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, conscious self-immunisation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> from censorship. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Rather</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> than a moral stand for </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">or pride in</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">its</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> distribution of the work as art, the only discernible tone in this disclaimer</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is apology</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Narcissism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> i</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">n the anti-utopia </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">is not</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a simple force. I</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">t can be said that narcissism spreads through the misreading of the novel, not to mention its</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> patronising</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
packaging. Many bookstores such as the one quoted above (or for
instance, those throughout New Zealand and New South Wales, where the
novel is either banned or specially wrapped) as well as a cowardly
publisher were bent on enslaving themselves to the sensitivity of others</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to the authority of the spectacle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> at the same time as they reiterated self-righteously their commitment to free expression.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> To end the discussion with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">humanist</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s axiom</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
say that forbidding a work of fiction from an adult is wrong, would be
to miss the point. Updating the legacy of the anti-utopian novel, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> observes hyperbolically and promotes with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">proleptic</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> irony a dearth in self-criticism and analysis of the other</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
which happens to overlap with the theme of self-censorship. To study
the text and its influence is to see that this dearth can be found in
real society</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in the modern marketplace</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> no matter whether fashion or fiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is the agenda.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Ellis’s satire continues to operate by</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">stressing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the void between</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> anaesthetised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
and authentic interaction. One leitmotif in this process is the
distinction in forms of sexual engagement between social success and
personal satisfaction. In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, despite his impeccable physique and marksmanship, Patrick repeatedly experience</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">d</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
‘weak’ orgasms, he is easily ‘tired of balancing’ himself, his ‘cock
slides in almost too easily’ and when concerned his pleasure will be
reduced by wearing a condom, he is told: ‘You’re not going to feel
anything anyway.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
The only pleasure for the I-narrator, as Murphet says, is one ‘of
reification: the transformation of intensely private human relations
into things, tableaux, props, prices.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Now Victor is the subject, asked ‘Feel this? Is this real?’, and
commanded to lift up his shirt so his ‘bod work’, his reciprocation of
spectacle, can be inspected during intercourse.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> T</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">he plot descends into the chaos of kidnapping, the annexation of fashion </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">by</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> terrorism and ultimately the appropria</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">tion of identity, and Victor will suffer</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the worst conceivable peripeteia for a B</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ret Easton Ellis I-narrator – a rape, followed by a substitution.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pleasure and image-obsession combust when the protagonist, a pawn in an unexplained political conflict </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">about</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
his father, is reduced to a sex slave. In this way, the anti-utopian
nature of a contemporary tragedy can be defined in contrast with another</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> American study of spectacle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. In David Lynch’s Hollywood psychoanalysis, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Mulholland Drive</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
the director, Adam’s (Justin Theroux), material and professional losses
are part of a mere fantasy constructed by the jealous and failed
actress, Diane (Naomi Watts).</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> However</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Victor Ward’s loss is neither </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> rival’s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> nor his own</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> illusion. Illusion itself – in the malleability of Victor’s body and photographs of that body – constitutes loss.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">For
Ellis, sex is a powerful means of exaggerating the narcissistic crisis
in real terms. Glamour and moral serfdom have become inseparable:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Being
a star means specializing in the seemingly lived; the star is the
object of identification with the shallow seeming life that has to
compensate for the fragmented productive specializations which are
actually lived.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Carrying into a new anti-utopia the surface and sadomasochism which confirmed Winston Smith’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">subjectivity</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
Victor has been crushed into worshipping his own mental kidnapper. In
this way, one can compare the defeats of intellect in the final lines of
</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Nineteen Eighty-Four</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">: ‘The stars are real. The future is that mountain.’ /</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ‘He loved Big Brother</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
“The Part About Fate”, Bolaño offers the following, terse response to
both the tyranny of phenomenology and faith in the spectacle:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">But
really there’s just one star and that star isn’t semblance, it isn’t
metaphor, it doesn’t come from any dream or any nightmare. We have it
right outside. It’s the sun. The sun, I am sorry to say, is our only
star.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I
am prepared to go as far as to say that the elusiveness of (erotic)
love, for Patrick Bateman or Victor Ward, may provide a way for Utopian
criticism on Bret Easton Ellis to continue on another path. In previous
scholarship, the problem of narcissism and anti-utopianism has been
avoided, and instead the locus is usually occupied by narcissism and
dandyism in the gothic tradition. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">C</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">omparisons to Dorian Gray have been made.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Elana Gomel has outlined the potential for progress in her essay, ‘“The
Soul of this Man in his Clothes”: Violence and Fashion in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">But while the most famous dandy-turned-killer in literature, Oscar Wilde’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dorian Gray, successfully resorts to violence in order to break out of the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">artificiality of his constructed image, Patrick remains trapped in the role as a </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">social icon.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">If the true dandy, as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Garelick</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
writes, “longs to recreate himself as an emblem of complete
originality”, Patrick wants to be like everybody else, only better. If
the dandy constantly subverts and manipulates the fashion codes of his
society, Patrick declares himself their guardia</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">n. If the dandy is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">charming and seductive, Patrick is abhorrent and pathetic.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In other words, Patrick Bateman – Whitney Houston fan, cannibal, restaurant and fashion critic, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">child
murderer – may want ‘to be like everybody else’, but no decent or
thinking individual can fully embrace the persona or plot.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Patrick’s hamartia is the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">fracture of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">both</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> moral and intellectual structure. Unlike Oscar Wilde’s protagonist, Patrick is not subjected to a</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> conventional,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Aristotelian poetics of flaw and fall</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. There is a failure of catharsis </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> no </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">EXIT</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> from the text.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis’s
critique of postmodernism is all-encompassing, from satirical detail to
the untrustworthy I-narrator and his plot: ‘The lack of depth or
meaning is the most readily identifiable motif in American Psycho.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> If this is true, then surely narcissism is the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> concomitant</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> hamartia, leading to the narrator’s disintegration and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">instigating</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> hubris of nihilis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">tic set pieces</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.
Patrick unknowingly confesses as much: ‘Another broken scene in what
passes for my life occurs on Wednesday, seemingly pointing to someone’s
fault, though whose I can’t be sure.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">This chapter has sought to convince the reader why, for the purposes of literary criticism, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> remain extraordinary, if overlooked, novels.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> This is true not only in their</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> revitalisation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Debordian</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> satire on spectacle, but also in the author’s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> original approach to</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> emphasising</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
the critical difference between the ironical voice of anti-utopianism
and the straight face of totalitarianism. In no Bret Easton Ellis novel
is the former concept (the dystopia) a critique of the latter (absolute
authority). Rather, Ellis’s voice is aimed at – before being sucked in
by – a society voiding itself of authentic interaction. Absolute
authority and its pathology – criteria for the anti-utopian narrative –
shift with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> from leadership of people to symbols, Patrick and Victor, for them. This </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">symbolisation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">is</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
the essence of satire. A totalitarian system of thought may thrive
within the disaffected anonymous consumer, who happens to be Patrick
Bateman but could in fact be any of his colleagues at Price & Price,
and for whom physical and verbal displays of nihilism are all we can
deconstruct in an otherwise banal narrative.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In one chapter,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Patrick is at a dinner with his brother, Sean</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">who also appears in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Rules of Attraction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. W</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ith neither business rivals nor prospective </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">victims </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">at the table, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Patrick</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> prefaces with a dramatic series of commas before rubbishing their meeting:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I keep thinking of reasons why I’m sitting here, right now, tonight, with Sean, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">at </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dorsia</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, but none come to mind. Just this infinitely recurring zero floats into </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">view. After dinner </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the food is small but very good; Sean touches nothing </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">tell him that I have to meet Andrea </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Rothmere</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> at Nell’s and if he wants </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">espresso or dessert, he should order it now…</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Despite
the division and assonance in that first sentence, Patrick’s attempt at
intelligent prosody fails. Confirmed here is the totalitarian abolition
of interaction for its own sake, as Patrick’s automatic agenda, with
the attention to naming and the reference to excess quintessential, even
when it comes to family. The narcissist is sucked in by his blank
perception of society – an inextirpable whirlpool of ‘zero’ – in which
nothing is valued, save style. This notion of ‘zero’ is Patrick’s means
of insubstantial reciprocity with others, a fatal oxymoron in its
ethical castration.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The
distinction between anti-utopianism and totalitarianism in fiction is
one readily forgotten, particularly because of the fluid political
relativism – characteristic of postmodern thought – Ellis ruthlessly
attacks using the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> anesthetised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Patrick and Victor.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">T</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">he </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">role of narcissism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a new anti-utopia</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">has</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, since the publication of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, been only a faint, starved suggestion.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">2. </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline;">Misreading (,) Brand Ellis (,) Trauma</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">For
the moment you have got away from the lies and simplifications, the
stylized, marionette-like quality of ordinary fiction, even quite good
fiction, and are dealing with recognizable experiences of human beings.
But what kind of experience? What kind of human beings?</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">George Orwell</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Unbeknown to Bret Easton Ellis at the time of its composition in the late 1990s, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
is his one novel in which real politics, in the form of
institution-sponsored violence and conspiracy, would become a
speculative theme. Loaded exhaustively with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">polysendeton</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
describing terrorist atrocities while expressing the power of media to
dictate emotional responses to them, Ellis’s horrific set pieces
anticipate the photography of 9/11:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dead
bellmen lay scattered among magazines and Louis Vuitton luggage and
heads blown off bodies, even one of a chisel-faced boyfriend of a model I
knew back in New York […] In a daze, wandering past me: Polly Mellon,
Claudia </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Schiffer</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Jon Bon Jovi, Mary Wells Laurence, Steven Friedman, Bob </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Collacello</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
Marisa Berenson, Boy George, Mariah Carey […] the paparazzi arrive
first, followed by CNN reporters and then local television crews, and
then, finally, ambulances carrying rescue teams followed by blue-black
trucks carrying antiterrorist police wearing flak jackets over
paratrooper jumpers, gripping automatic weapons, and they start wrapping
victims in blankets and hundreds of pigeons lie dead, some of the
injured birds haphazardly trying to fly, low to the ground above the
debris, and later the feet of children in a makeshift morgue are being
tagged and parents are being ushered out of that morgue howling…</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">With appropriate </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">intermediality</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, the connection in imagery between </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
and 9/11 was confirmed by the cancelation of the proposed film
adaptation of the book, this, in the wake of the attacks and the
continued media focus on them. The connection is acknowledged and
debated, with varying levels of honesty and casuistry, by Walter Benn
Michaels, David Schmid and Arthur Redding. I subscribe to Michaels’s
skepticism in that Ellis’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">castration of signified from signifier, and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">superincumbency</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of pop culture in his work, warns against reading too far into this connection </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in order to identify</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> any political, as opposed to social, agenda. Michaels adumbrates the plot of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to compare Ellis with another American, bestselling author of fiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Don </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">DeLillo</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">herein issuing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> a </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">metacritical</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> warning:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
is about models and terrorists—about models-slash-terrorists. The acts
of destruction its model/terrorists perform are unlinked to any
particular political program, while the terrorists themselves belong to
rival factions whose differences are equally unlinked to politics. In an
earlier terrorist novel, Don </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">DeLillo's</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Mao II</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
(1991), the terrorists are at least supposed to represent a new
communist element, "an assertion that not every weapon in Lebanon has to
be marked Muslim, Christian or Zionist." But even </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Mao II</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> isn't early enough to make the appeal to communism anything more than a gesture of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">posthistoricist</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> nostalgia; by the time it was published, there were hardly any communists in Russia, much less in Lebanon. And </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
whose terrorists have allies in Dublin and Virginia as well as Beirut
and Baghdad, can't work up any more interest in their religion or
nationality than it can in their ideology [...]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">what </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">'s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
terrorists like best about their new recruit is that he doesn't "have
an agenda" (327), by which they mean that he doesn't have any political
beliefs. They don't either. And that's why </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Mao II</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">'s novelist and its terrorist have "no deep disagreements at the level of ideas" (157); neither one of them has any.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Falling Man</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, his novel specifically about 9/11, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">DeLillo</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
can again be referred to in conjunction with Ellis. In remaining with
the social, and by not committing a discourse on fiction to real life
politics, it can be said that resemblances in spectacle and the numbing
effect of catastrophes in any Utopian society are important to both
authors:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The spectacle in general, as the concrete invers</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ion of life, is the autonomous </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">movement of the non-living.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">That’s where everything was, all around him, falling away, street signs, people, things he could not name.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the final lines of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Falling Man</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">DeLillo’s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> transmission of tremendous loss of human life is comparable with the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Debordianism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
rife in Ellis; mutilation and materialism, despair and anonymity have
become nonsensically bound-up data. ‘The spectacle within society
corresponds to a concrete manufacture of alienation’ – an alienation </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">emphasised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">affectlesly</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> reported, yet subliminal, violence.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In
his essay, ‘Glam Terrorism and Celebrity Politics’, Redding argues in
direct opposition to Michaels by imposing – in an act of gross
revisionism – his </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">own </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">political agenda</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
onto Ellis’s writing process. Bizarrely, Redding feels the need to
quote another writer (a professor of literature, not politics), Per </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Serritslev</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Peterson, simply to say that, ‘“in the case of 9/11, there was no rational political objective”’; the sentence continues, self-</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">dramatised</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by ellipsis,</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">US
military response was equally unhinged: attacked by Saudis, the Bush
administration responded by targeting Iraq… The media doublethink that
made this response possible underscores Ellis’s most salient lesson:
genuine political struggles are reconstituted as manufactured image and
militarism becomes spectacular and self-justifying; violence floats free
of the gravitational tug of the social and is celebrated for its own
sake.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Schmid is another critic who attacks Michaels for ‘missing the point’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Similarly mastering the postmodern art of evading, conceptually, the
ethical issue at hand, Schmid claims that ‘the absence of politics by
conventional means in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> does not leave the novel politically toothless’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
But at least neither Michaels nor Schmid resorts to inventing ‘the
point’ on behalf of the author. Redding’s sandpapering of the novel into
an anti-war metaphor is a shameful error, not least because Ellis has
supported the war on terrorism: ‘I wanted to go to war, I believe we had
to.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> For this casuistry, and in completely delivering the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Nineteen Eighty-Four</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
idiom, ‘doublethink’, from its meaningful origin, Redding is guilty of
an abuse of Orwell’s work not unlike the one in Michael Moore’s film, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Fahrenheit 9/11</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> – for whom the ‘moral equivalence’ between Eurasia, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Eastasia</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and Oceania is a suitable paradigm by which to lump together the United States, the Ba’ath Party, the Taliban and Al-Qaeda.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Redding also assumes that in both Ellis’s novel </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">and</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in American foreign policy, ‘The link between </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">any</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
act of political violence and its anticipated goal or outcome has been
irreparably fractured’. For this admission – of reluctance, via
subjective deconstructing of concepts, to consider the nihilism of
totalitarianism as an enduring problem – Redding would do better to turn
the accusation, ‘media doublethink’, on himself as the postmodern</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">doublethinker</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, since: ‘Even to understand the word ‘doublethink’ involved the use of doublethink.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
He quotes Peterson on 9/11 to state the obvious, though he doesn’t dare
attempt to justify his appropriation of ‘doublethink’ with reference to
Orwell’s text. He wouldn’t be able to. Whatever anyone’s opinions on
American foreign policy (which, as Michaels shows, would have nothing to
do with Ellis anyway), ‘to hold two simultaneously two opinions which
cancelled out, knowing them to be contradictory’ cannot reasonably be
applied to people who have been, or are, in opposition to two different
nihilisms, the Ba’ath party and Al-Qaeda, both of whom threatened and
murdered heretics and preached unremittingly the subordination of women,
for peoples within and outside of the borders containing their
headquarters.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">It
is precisely this phenomenon – the failure to face the seductively
concealed cracks in one’s moral and intellectual reasoning – Ellis is</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> satirising</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in the lives of his ‘handsome and dazed’ narrators, ‘asking questions that never required answers’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
If I have labored on this point, at the expense of close-reading Ellis,
it is only because there is so little critical work on the author that
it is imperative for any personally interjected, political battles with
the United States to be shown up and disregarded in the discourse.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">It would be, and has been, disingenuous to take advantage of the affectless prose in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, or the difficulty in locating Orwell anywhere on the political spectrum, to imply that either author would have</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> harbour</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ed, or does harbour,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
a pacifistic suspicion of totalitarianism in another continent. No less
contemptible is the assumption that ‘Ellis does not have political
intelligence’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> The only dots one can reasonably </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">detect</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and then connect, without conceit, from </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to the real globe to digital </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">effacement</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, are </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">occupied by trauma and its comprehension: </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘the possibility of fiction’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> This term is as applicable </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">to Bret Easton Ellis as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">it is,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Don </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">DeLillo</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">DeLillo’s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
writing is concerned, at its heart, with the ways in which the
progression towards an ultimate, apocalyptic communicability is shadowed
and undermined by an opposite movement towards erasure […] The
digitally recorded voice of my partner, speaking as the event (9/11)
that continues to dictate the passage of world history was in the very
process of becoming, carried an unmistakable aura of loss. Deleting (by
accident) this message was simply to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">realise</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the erasure of what is already spoke, to respond to its poetry of nobody home.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In
personal and public spaces, the violently sharp thread connecting these
dots – the influence of technology, the volatility of objects</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">or</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">written or spoken words,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
and the caprice of trauma – continues to inspire new readings. Lest the
thread becomes unrecognizable, these readings must not stray from
honest analogy. Ellis’s social agenda of spectacle and narcissism only
serves to reinforce this principle: ‘Crucially it is not the surface
narratives of Ellis’s texts that define him but his critique of what
lies beneath the surface of culture.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The potential for misreading events in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, and the novel’s magnetism for arbitrarily creative readings, is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">explained</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by Schmid:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">As
long as Ellis holds their real meaning in suspension (and he does so
scrupulously), the reader is given the task of choosing from a range of
possible interpretations, all of which come with their own set of
consequences, and all of which are thoroughly mediatized, that is,
contaminated by the possibility that they have been manipulated or
wholly created by media technologies and are therefore not true by any
conventional standard.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Through his choice of words (‘not true by any conventional standard’) Schmid</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> lays bare </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the solipsism in the claim that ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">truth</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ is the property of phenomenology, changeable at whim or by epoch. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">M</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">oreover,
that there is an intellectual duty in ‘choosing from a range of
possible interpretations’. Reference to ‘conventional standard’ also
implies that because many approaches to the text are</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> deconstructionist in nature</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
this means that their readings can successfully avoid the impliedly
negative label, ‘conventional’. Which – in 2011, after Derrida has come
and gone – they cannot.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> It is precisely because there is no stable framework, no way to distance the novel’s narcissism from our own, that </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is definitively anti-utopian. If there is any ‘task’ on the reader’s behalf, it would be to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">recognise</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
and take consolation in, the irony richened through the novel of this
close proximity between character and reader desire in an
image-dominated culture:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">There
was the sound of the camera shutters clicking, there was something
collapsing toward him, a hooded figure, and as it fell onto him it
looked up and he saw the head of a monster with the face of the fly.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Really noticing ‘the camera shutters clicking’ is what enforces the hyperbolic spectacle in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">; unless mediation is comprehended, Ellis will indulge or mislead narrator and reader –</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">when
it comes to human life – to enjoin the ‘fly’ with the ‘monster’, the
microcosm with the macrocosm, the innocuous with the harmful and the
most important</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of all possible dichotomies</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, the mythical with the real.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">After reading Debord as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">someone claiming</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">that dialectical thought is eliminated within </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">desublimated</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> commodity culture</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Colby </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">legitimately goes</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> as far as to say that, in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s double-voicing, and the terrorists</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> acts function to overturn the spectacle that Ellis documents in the first half</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">of the novel and can be seen as a way to reinstate a dialectical dimension into the cultural framework.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Acknowledging</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
this, one is not trapped within the spectacle, whereby the total
absence of self-criticism on Victor’s film set is then mirrored by our
own imposed reading tactics; owing to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Schmid</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> illusion of ‘a range of possible interpretations’, the discourse </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">has been, until recently, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">overdetermined</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by deconstructionist tinctures.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">As Schmid corrects:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, while still containing a significant degree of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">undecidability</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, cares much more about the distinction between truth and falsehood, about the ability to say what happened and why.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">So
when Ellis says in interview, ‘I leave it open to the reader’, seconds
after having… or when he describes Victor as homophobic, having just
referred to his writing as autobiographical, the author is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">guilty</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> neither of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">disenfranchisement</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
nor self-contradiction nor amorality. Self-obsession may be turned
against Ellis in a simultaneous accusation and admission of misreading. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">However</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">this study is in some agreement with Colby, who openly</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">rejects any kind of branding of Ellis as moralist, satirist, nihilist, or postmodernist. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">W</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">hile
Ellis may embody aspects of these categories, the importance of his
work resides in his resistance to the very branding his media and
literary critics have been so fond of performing.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">N</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">arcissism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, as a social theme,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">is connected</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">those verbal statements that were made</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">by Ellis </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in public conversations – once </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">again with appropriate </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">intermediality</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">on YouTube and in the bookstore –</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> as the commitment to a thinking, anti-utopian space </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">that</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> separates</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ‘Two </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Brets</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, there is</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">abundant</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> textual</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> evidence for Ellis’s authentic and ironical, as opposed to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">superficial</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and literal-minded, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">response to</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> those who have criticized h</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">im for intellectual dishonesty.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Or, as Colby phrases: </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bret, in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, is the replacement self of Ellis, a self that has been reified into its media construction.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the Bret Ellis character’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">authorial admission</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">of personal deceit, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the elements of autofiction, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">metafiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">intermediality</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> form a vital compound</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in this victory, and for</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the real author</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’s broader </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">interest in illuminating</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the excess</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">subsequent structural failure) </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">of images:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I
told Jayne that he (a drug dealer) was one of my students when she
caught him here the first week of October, lounging with me in the media
room while we were watching a DVD of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, 50)</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">At the same Halloween party,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the Bret</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> character</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> tells us: ‘Someone I didn’t recognize came as Patrick Bateman, which I didn’t find </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">funny and had a problem with’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">This is the first time in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> when</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Ellis </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">comes close to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">abandon</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the comedy of mock confession, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">with reference to genuine pain. Later</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> when the Bret Ellis character tells his </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">student love-affair</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Aimee, about the Patrick Bateman fancy-dress incident, she responds:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">“It’s weird you said Patrick Bateman [...] Because I thought he looked a little like Christian Bale.”</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">We were both silent for a while because Christian Bale was the actor who played Patrick Bateman in the film version of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">“But he also looked like you, give or take twenty years.”</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I started shivering again. Back in the parking lot, the cream-coloured 450 SL was no longer there.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I noticed.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘I noticed</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the last words in the chapter</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> privileged</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> as a single-line paragraph</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">addresses with untypical transparency the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">problematic currency of social narcissism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">flowing through each </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">novel. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">We</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> still cannot be entirely </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">at ease</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> with </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the assumption that this currency has become visible to the narrator</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. Perhaps the Bret Ellis character h</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">as only ‘noticed’ that the car </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">whose image and brand is honoured with greater </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">textual </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">attention</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> than the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">process of recognition itself</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> has momentarily disappeared from the novel.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">M</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">etafiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">intermedial</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ity</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> do not affect </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">unprecedented</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> coincidence;</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, a Christian Bale lookalike is on hand with a fire extinguisher when Victor begins to realise the nature of his </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">crisis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">as the atrocity of another terrorist act begins to disclose, beyond media, its previously censored reality</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> What </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">metafiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">intermediality</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> really allow Ellis to do in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
is to emphasise the distinction between himself and his narrators, by
taking ironical aim at binary misrepresentations of his work</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">It
was going to contain at least a hundred sex scenes (“I mean, Jesus, why
not?” I guffawed to my editor over lunch in the bar at </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Patroon</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
while he idly checked his blood sugar) and you could read the novel as a
satire on “the new sexual obnoxiousness” or as the simple story of an
average guy who enjoys defiling women with his lust [...] It was going
to make </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Sodomania</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> look like </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">A Bug’s Life</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Here, the ridiculous Bret Ellis character is outlining the proposition for a new novel</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> with any potential for anti-utopian insight deliberately eviscerated from its title:</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Teenage Pussy</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> However as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
the ghost story, deepens, expression becomes as defined by
psychoanalytic fear and desire as it does by the ridiculous. After all, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Bret Ellis character is haunted by Patrick Bateman and his father </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the inspiration for the creation of Bateman </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
in the form of a toy belonging to his completely fictional son. Not
concerned with Romantic poetics or cinema, this overlap of fear and
desire by the ridiculous </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">is not the same</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> t</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">rope</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">as established</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> by Slavoj Zizek in his essay, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Art of the Ridiculous Sublime</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> However, I have found a different kind of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lacanian</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> analysis to be unavoidable. This is because </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">crudely</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> describable as follows.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The real author (Bret Easton Ellis) dedicates </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> to his real father</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">;</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">t</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">h</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">e</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> novel is a ghost story pointing to the ineffable </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Real</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> disturbing truth, which can ‘only be studied in its effect on the other two dimensions, the Imaginary and Symbolic’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">), by using an unreal author (the Bret Ellis character) who occupies the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">exaggerated</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> spectacle.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Convoluted as this adumbration may be, these features are undeniably present. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis’s
single-sentence paragraphs, though traditional in the horror genre,
describe the absurd and intangible vitality of fear, with especial
attention to the body. For example, when the Bret Ellis character’s dog
(Victor) and the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Terby</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> doll are collaboratively attacking him:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">It was suddenly freezing in the house but sweat was pouring down my face.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I began crawling up the stairs on my stomach when it </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">bit</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> me again, right below the place it had just ripped open.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I tried to shake the thing off.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I began sliding back down toward the dog because the stairs were so wet with blood.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">It lashed out again.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The teeth were now the fangs of the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Terby</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and they sank into my calf.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">I realized with an awful finality: It wanted to keep me still.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">It didn’t want me to go anywhere.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">It didn’t want me to rush to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Fortinbras</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Mall.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Soft Break]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The anxiety and ineffability of the Real also resonates in Ellis’s stylistic and metafictional idioms.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The slogan, ‘Disappear Here’, popularised by </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Less Than Zero</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, reappears as a single, centred paragraph in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, ‘in streaky red letters’ reminiscent of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, as ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">DiSAp p Ear HERe</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Disconnection, as characters are on the cusp of substitution and annihilation, claims responsibility for trauma</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. Just as Lacan relates his theory to the role of the father, so too the surface, anxiety and violence of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> relies on Victor’s father:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis
believes that “keeping up appearances” is not an option and that the
objective violence that defines the Real must continue to be confronted.
But Ellis also believes that this confrontation comes through engaging
with representation, not in spite of representation […] The fact that
the last we see of Victor’s father, the closest we come to a
personification of objective violence in Glamorama, is a series of
televised images can only be read as peculiarly appropriate.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, at the same time, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">documents and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">sensationali</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">z</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">es</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the haunting</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of the author,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">promised by</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the spectacle in the connected factors of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a manipulative</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> father and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">a brand</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">This
is the comparison I made between Ellis and Orwell in the previous
chapter, on the failure of catharsis: according to Lacan, absolute
satisfaction is not possible, nor fear effable, though what can be said
is that the continuum of erasure, of ethical and intellectual life,
means that </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the subjects of Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">s novels</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, like Winston and Julia in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Nineteen Eighty-Four</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, or the women of Santa Theresa in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">are not free subjects</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Exaggerating this failure of and between citizens, the end of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is untypical in its lyrical verve and sentimental sign-off:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">From those of us who are left behind: you will be remembered, you were the one I needed, I loved you in my dreams.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">So
if you should see my son, tell him I say hello, be good, that I am
thinking of him and that I know he’s watching over me somewhere, and not
to worry: that he can always find me here, whenever he wants, right
here, my arms held out and waiting, in the pages, behind the covers, at
the end of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Here is the signal failure of catharsis, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">specked</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
metafictionally by the ashes of Ellis’s father, elusively rising,
dipping, whispering and dancing through this final chapter. Through the
‘the first – and only – house they bought as a family’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Facing the unreality of spectacle, the reality of autofiction knows, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">remembers</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, that the author is nobody’s father, and that the confusion and corruption of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">paterfamilias</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> from early childhood, for Ellis, is unoverthrowable.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Given that this essay has rejected postmodernist interpretations of Ellis’s work </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">on the grounds that they are self-abnegating in their insubstantiality</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">structuralist</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> theory of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lacan</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">must therefore be </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">applied</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> discerning</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ly</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Hence </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">his</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
axiom, ‘Aggressiveness manifests itself in an experience that is
subjective in its very constitution’, although distinctly postmodern in
its </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">obscuring</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> of moral code, follows with an inroad into</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">criticism on Ellis; in the same seminar, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lacan</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> says:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">The
notion of aggressiveness as a tension correlated with narcissistic
structure in the subject’s becoming allows us to encompass in a very
simply formulated function all sorts of accidents and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">atypicalities in that becoming.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">For Lacan, narcissism as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">the link between</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> ‘all sorts of accidents and atypicalities’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">, comprising</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">abhorrently and amusingly </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">th</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">e novels,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">is the effect of</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">
our fall into language. Narcissism, the small child ‘viewing itself in
the mirror’, precedes the fall into language; this fall secures
self-deprecation and self-criticism as realisable; so while this change
is, for Lacan, ‘tragic’, it is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">nevertheless</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> a necessary tragedy for a society of people who communicate and comprehend.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Without this fall, neither comedy nor tragedy can be </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">reconciled with consciousness</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">. Briefly celebrated</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> emancipation from the tyranny of boredom, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">as</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">witnessed</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> by </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Winston and Julia</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">s intimacy</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Nineteen Eighty-Fou</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">r</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">, is the vindication of authentic words and actions for individuals</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">. Living and loving</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> in</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">knowing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> spite of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">death and cycle,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">
is ruled out as a possibility for the narcissist. Instead of
participating in the human struggle with language (with metonymical
desire and thus with signifier and signified), Patrick Bateman and
Victor Ward either actively or passively maximise the potential for
trauma, crystallised in this principle of failure. The Bret Ellis
character is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">the scapegoat selected</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> for </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Peak</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">terrorised </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">I-narra</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">tor left to deal with these </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">consequences</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Success comes down to spectacle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> such is the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">total force</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> of the Brand Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">, zero</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> whirlpool</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">When reading Ellis, it is worth noting, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">final</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">ly, one more observation made by Lacan</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">:
‘Such is the fright that seizes man when he discovers the true face of
his power that he turns away from it in the very act – which is his act –
of laying it bare.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> The necessity of shame – the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">aidos</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">structuring the</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> Greek tragedy – is what edifies the possibility of authentic interaction, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">naked in this discovery</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">When o</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">blivious to this, the narrators are in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">codeless</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> free fall, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">spectacularly</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> clothed</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">terrorist and terrorised. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Through the protectors of Brand Ellis spectacle </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> among others, Clay, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Victor, Lauren, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Bret, Sean and Patrick Bateman are each recyclable </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">–</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">the corpus</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">becomes</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">vulnerably meaningful,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> auctioneering psychoanalysis in the frame of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">anti-utopia</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">. Perhaps this is why</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">in their readings of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Elizabeth Young and Naomi Mandel have situated the novels in the same context as the cult television series, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Twin Peaks</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> After all, Lynch’s work has been </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">subject </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">of</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Lacanian</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> essays by Zizek and Todd McGowan, and has led to successful merchandise</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">, not to mention </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">scores of fan websites. Similarly, Victor Ward has a life outside of his text(s), kidnapped by </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">an alter-ego</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">metafiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">The disappearance of the real reached its peak in 2004 with the online edition of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">YouthQuake</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> Magazine. In </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">, the achievement of which Victor was most proud was that his image had been featured on the cover of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">YouthQuake</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">. The online edition of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">YouthQuake</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> features an interview by Christie Carnes with Victor Ward as well as an insightful essay on </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> by Joseph </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Suglia</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">The irony to this extreme fandom is </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">imported</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">by</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Baelo-Allué</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> reading,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">
and might even have been premeditated by Ellis: ‘The literary character
is transformed into a digital one by using imaging technology and
digital media.’</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Redescribing</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> Victor’s suffering, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">resubjecting</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> him to </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">alteration</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">, suggests that the impact of social narcissism – as satirised through </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">his</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> unorthodox humiliation – does not end with the writing of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">.
As with the issue of censorship which I discussed in the previous
chapter, anti-utopianism can be exaggerated negatively by forces outside
of the novel. If misreading doesn’t stretch as far as the application
of trauma, from the book, to a real-life superficial display, it is
nonetheless the case that speculation symbolises the ethical crisis
generated by spectacle.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Above all, if Lacan whose theory </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">springs from</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> the claim</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> ‘it is the whole structure of language that psychoanalytic experience discovers in the unconscious’,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">is to be read beside an author of fiction, then surely Ellis </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">makes himself a</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> candidate.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> If only, that is, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">for his</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> ultimately honest adherence to the uncertainty principle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">when it comes </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">to desire and fear and writing them down</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">It’s
interesting to be sitting here and asked very intelligent and very
serious questions about my work that I am not able to answer. It’s a bit
like a dream, verging on a nightmare, to be in front of an audience
that I think is expecting a writer to be much more aware of his effects
than the writer actually is.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline;">Conclusion: Further Criticism, Self-Criticism</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Sometimes, he thought, being an arts reporter in Mexico was the same as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">reporting on crime. And being on the police beat was the same as working for </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">the arts page, although in the minds of the crime reporters, all the arts </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">reporters were faggots (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">assthetes</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">, they called them), and in the minds of the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">arts reporters, all the crime reporters were scum.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">- Roberto </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Rereading
Ellis’s novels and playing back his interviews, it has become
increasingly clear that the reason behind each book’s style and synopsis
is nostalgia for structuralism itself. The unenviable fates and
glossed, unstable identities of the narrators serve to exaggerate
through hyperbole the real threat of nihilism in the numbness of a </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">cool</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, postmodern </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">spectacle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.
At once and in depth, the novels have amused and repulsed with an
urgency that merits discursive close reading beyond the point of
frivolous speculation. This is the dilemma underpinning the relationship
between the affectless narratives Bret Easton Ellis has written,
encompassing the satirical and the personal, and the few, subsequent
attempts at literary criticism; that</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">no matter how </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">self-critical or </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">pre-empted</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">ironic or</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> thin-skinned</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">reader</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">response, it is precisely because of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">crude speculation</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
that his fiercely human passages have taken decades to stake a claim in
an academic community. When structure is abandoned, when the link
between violence, truth-telling and satire is lost, ‘non-comprehension
becomes a virtue’.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
A brief glance at the range of kneejerk abuse received by authors as
varied in style and form as Byron, Joyce, Orwell, Rushdie, and most
recently Ellis, suggests that this hamartia is</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">unbanishable</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">:</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> if a critic of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">U</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">topianism emerges in radical fiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> the initial readership will mistake irony for tawdriness and reduce, as </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> reminds us in the above epigraph, descriptions of horrific criminality to criminal fantasy.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Although
Ellis maintains he is ‘not smart enough’ to be a part of ‘any
intellectual community’ because of ‘low self-esteem’, accusing the
novelist of philistinism is merely a disingenuous exit.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Ellis should be stating the obvious when he outlines the foothold for a substantial discussion of his work:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">These societies (in the novels) are problematic, they are emblematic of other </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">societies, of overall society […] Since I use narrators who </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">are</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> part of the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">problem, people assume that I am. And it takes a careful reader to see the </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">implied criticism beneath every line of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="UnsupportedObjectText Selected SCX8549898" title="Word Web App can't display this item. To view and edit this object, open this document in Microsoft Word.">[Footnote]</span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"></span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The purpose of this </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">metacritical</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">
study has been to propose a new way of reading Bret Easton Ellis, to
promote the perception of this author in the literary canon as a critic
of Utopianism. Ellis is a novelist with a thorough and wide-ranging
understanding of, and exposure to, popular culture throughout the
English-speaking world. Because of his attachment to this culture, Ellis
writes sometimes humorously, sometimes unmercifully, about the need to
overcome a narcissism generated by spectacle. The prerequisites for an
evolving critical discourse on Ellis are the same as for any author of
anti-utopian fiction, or indeed non-fiction. It is only by facing the
censor, by embracing irony and self-criticism, and by distinguishing
between different forms of love, that an emerging readership can
encounter ‘the implied criticism beneath every line’.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline;">Appendix</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Page i: The correct citation, for the fragment quoting Christopher Hitchens is as follows:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;">Hitchens, Christopher, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic;">Letters to a Young Contrarian</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (Basic Books: Cambridge, 2001), 12.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Page ii: The correct citation, for the quotations ‘mask of sanity’ and ‘victim of impending slippage’:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;">Ellis, Bret Easton, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (Vintage: New York, 1991), 268.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Page ii: </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">The figure shows t</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">he cover of </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">1001 Books You Must Read Before You Die</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> – original c</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">over design</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">for </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">by Marshall </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Arisman</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. Reference:</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic;">1001 Books You Must Read Before You Die</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (ed. Peter Boxall) (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;">Cassell</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> Illustrated: London, 2008)</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">All YouTube-</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">referenced
videos provide the title of the video, uploaded by the user. In cases
where the video title does clarify who spoke the quoted words, I have
referenced the speaker as ‘in conversation’. For example,</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;">Ellis, Bret Easton, in ‘Guardian book club: John Mullen meets Bret Easton Ellis’ available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/audio/2010/jul/26/bret-easton-ellis-guardian-book-club" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/audio/2010/jul/26/bret-easton-ellis-guardian-book-club</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;">, accessed 8 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline;">Bibliography</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Adorno, Theodor, ‘Aldous Huxley and Utopia’, in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Prisms</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (ed. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Theodor Adorno et al</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">) (MIT: Massachusetts, 1967).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dir. Mary Harron. Lion Gate Films, 2000. Film.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Annesley, James, ‘Brand Ellis: Celebrity Authorship in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: American Psycho, Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;"> and Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ed. Naomi Mandel) (Continuum: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Baelo-Allué, Sonia, ‘“It’s Really Me”: </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Intermediality</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> and Constructed Identities in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: American Psycho, Glamorama and Lunar Park </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ed. Naomi Mandel) (Continuum: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bahr, David, ‘Wilde and wilder’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Advocate</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Libertarian Publications: Los Angeles, 4 March 2003).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Baxter, Tara and Craft, Nikki, ‘There are better ways of dealing with Bret Easton Ellis than just censoring him…’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Making</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;"> Violence Sexy: Feminist Views on Pornography</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (ed. D. E. H. Russell) (Open University Press: Buckingham, 1993).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Blazer, A. E, ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Hamlet</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, and Existential Psychosis’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho, Glamorama and Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ed. </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Naomi </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mandel</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">) (Continuum: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolaño, Roberto, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">2666</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(trans. Natasha Wimmer) </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(Pan Macmillan: London, 2009).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Boorstin, Daniel J., </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Image: a guide to pseudo-events in America</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Vintage: New York, 1992).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Borges, Jorge Luis, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Borges and I</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Collected Fictions</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (trans. Andrew Hurley) </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(Viking: Michigan, 1998).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Boxall, Peter (ed.), </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">1001 Books You Must Read Before You Die</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Cassell</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Illustrated: London, 2008).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Boxall, Peter, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Don DeLillo: the possibility of fiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Routledge: London, 2006)</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Brannon, Robert, ‘Torturing Women as Fine Art: Why</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Some Women and Men Are Boycotting Knopf’ </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Making Violence Sexy: Feminist Views on Pornography</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (ed. D. E. H. Russell) (Open University Press: Buckingham, 1993).</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Bret Easton Ellis: The debt I owe to my abusive father’ available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2010/jul/18/bret-easton-ellis-interview" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2010/jul/18/bret-easton-ellis-interview</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 6 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Bret Easton Ellis himself’, available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sJ8eXdgNCQU" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sJ8eXdgNCQU</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 12 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Bret Easton Ellis American Psycho’ available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oRa5hlLHMEo" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oRa5hlLHMEo</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 8 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Bret Easton Ellis getting fired’ available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LEzIeUkf9I" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LEzIeUkf9I</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 11 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Bret Easton Ellis America’, available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=domTJZfjg8o" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=domTJZfjg8o</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 7 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Brown, Clarence</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Introduction to Zamyatin, Yevgeny, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">We</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(trans. Clarence Brown) (Penguin: London, 1993).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Colby, Georgina, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: Underwriting the Contemporary</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Palgrave MacMillan: Hampshire, 2001).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Clark, Michael P., ‘Violence, Ethics, and the Rhetoric of Decorum in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: American Psycho, Glamorama and Lunar Park </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ed. Naomi Mandel) (Continuum: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Crick, Bernard, ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Nineteen Eighty-Four</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">: context and controversy’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Cambridge Companion to George Orwell</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, John Rodden (ed.) (Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2007).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dandy, Cali, ‘Dorian Gray / Patrick Bateman: vanity, duality and ugly pretty things’ available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://calidandy.tumblr.com/post/2903224900/dorian-gray-patrick-bateman-vanity-duality" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://calidandy.tumblr.com/post/2903224900/dorian-gray-patrick-bateman-vanity-duality</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 8 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Debord, Guy, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Society of the Spectacle</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Black and Red: Detroit, 1983).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">DeLillo, Don, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Falling Man</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pan MacMillan: London, 2011</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Derrida, Jacques, ‘Passions’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Derrida: A Critical Reader</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (ed. David Wood) (Blackwell: Oxford, 1992).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Brothers Karamazov: Volume II</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (trans. David </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Magarshack) (Penguin: London, 1958).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Eberly, Rosa A., ‘Publicity, Artistry, and </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Citizen Critics: Literary Public Spheres</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (University of Illinois Press: Illinois, 2000).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis, Bret Easton, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Vintage</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">: New York, 1991).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">……, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Pan Macmillan: New York, 2000).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">……, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Less than Zero</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Pan Macmillan: New York, 2006).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">……, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Imperial Bedrooms</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(Knopf: New York, 2010).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">……, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(Knopf: New York, 2005).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">……</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Rules of Attraction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Pan MacMillan: New York, 2010).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis, Bret Easton, in ‘Guardian book club: John Mullen meets Bret Easton Ellis’ available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/audio/2010/jul/26/bret-easton-ellis-guardian-book-club" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/audio/2010/jul/26/bret-easton-ellis-guardian-book-club</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 8 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph SCX8549898" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Segoe UI", Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ellis, Bret Easton, in ‘Robert </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Vuijsje</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> interviews Bret Easton Ellis (4/4)’ available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EHHohGYhoHA&feature=related" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EHHohGYhoHA&feature=related</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 8 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Finkelstein, Joanne, ‘Considerations for a Sociology of the Emotions’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Studies in Symbolic Interaction: Volume 3</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Jai Press: Connecticut, 1980).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Freud, Sigmund, ‘On an Introduction to Narcissism’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Penguin Freud Reader</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (ed. Adam Phillips) (Penguin: London, 2006).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Freud, Sigmund, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Future of an Illusion</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (trans. J. A. Underwood and Shaun Whiteside) (Penguin: London, 2008).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Fry, Paul. H, ‘Jacques Lacan in Theory’ available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lkAXsR5WINc" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lkAXsR5WINc</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 10 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Gomel, Elana, ‘“The Soul of this Man in his Clothes”: Violence and Fashion in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: American Psycho, Glamorama and Lunar Park </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ed. Naomi Mandel) (Continuum: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Hitchens, Christopher</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Unfairenheit 9/11’, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Slate</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, 21 June 2004.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Hitchens, Christopher, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Letters to a Young Contrarian</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Basic Books: Cambridge, 2001).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Homer, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Iliad</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (trans. Martin Hammond) (Penguin: London, 2003)</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Homer, Odyssey (trans. Robert Fagles) (Penguin: London, 2006).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Iraq’s 1979 Fascist Coup, Narrated by Christopher Hitchens’, available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CR1X3zV6X5Y" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CR1X3zV6X5Y</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 11 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Karnicky, Jeff, ‘“An Awfully Good</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Impression”: Truth and Testimony in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: American Psycho, Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;"> and Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ed. Naomi Mandel) (</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Continuum: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kristeva, Julia, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Tales of Love</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Columbia University Press: New York, 1987).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kumar, Krishan, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Utopianism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Open University Press: Milton Keynes, 1991).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lacan, Jacques, ‘Aggressiveness in Psychoanalysis’ (1948) in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Écrits</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (trans. Bruce Fink) (Norton: London, 2006).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lacan, Jacques, ‘The Function of Speech and Language in Psychoanalysis’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Écrits</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(trans. Bruce Fink) (Norton: London, 2006).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lacan, Jacques, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘The Instance of the Letter in the Unconscious’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Écrits</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(trans. Bruce Fink) (Norton: London, 2006).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Leitch, Vincent B. et al,‘Jacques Lacan’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Norton Anthology of Literary Criticism</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (ed. Vincent B. Leitch) (Norton: London, 2001).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lyotard, Jean-Francois, cit. Smart, Barry, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Postmodernity</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Routledge</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">: London, 1993).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">MacKinnon, Catherine, ‘Postmodernism and Human Rights’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Are Women Human?</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Belknap Press: Boston, 2007</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mandel, Naomi (ed.), </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: American Psycho, Glamorama and Lunar Park </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(Continuum: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Michaels, Walter Benn, ‘Empires of the Senseless: (The response to) Terror and (the end of) History’, available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/radical_history_review/v085/85.1michaels.html" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/radical_history_review/v085/85.1michaels.html</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 7 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Mulholland Drive</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. Dir. David Lynch. Universal</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Pictures, 2001. Film.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Murphet, Julian, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">s American Psycho: A Reader</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">s Guide</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Continuum: London, 2002)</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">National, The, “Conversation 16”, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">High Violet</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">. 4AD, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">2010.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Newman, Kim, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Nightmare Movies</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Bloomsbury: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nielsen, Henrik Skov, ‘Telling Doubles and Literal-Minded Reading in Bret Easton Ellis’s Glamorama’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Novels of the Contemporary Extreme</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Alain Philippe-Durand (ed.), Naomi Mandel (ed.) (Continuum: New York, 2006).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">……</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, ‘What’s in a Name? Double Exposures in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Lunar Park</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: American Psycho, Glamorama and Lunar Park </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ed. Naomi Mandel) </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(Continuum: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Orwell, George, ‘Why I Write’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Essays</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Penguin: London, 2000).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Orwell, George, ‘The Prevention of Literature’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Essays</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Penguin: London, 2000).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Orwell, George, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Nineteen Eighty-Four</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Penguin: London, 1977).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Orwell, George, ‘Inside the Whale’ </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Essays</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Penguin: London, 2000).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Patton, Laurie, ‘Christopher Hitchens in Conversation: The Only Subject is</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Love’ available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ABsd5WssVS0" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ABsd5WssVS0</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 8 Sep 2011</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Redding, A</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">rthur</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, ‘“Merely Political”: Glam</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Terrorism and Celebrity Politics in Bret </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Easton Ellis’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: American Psycho, Glamorama and Lunar Park </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ed. Naomi Mandel) (Continuum: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Salman Rushdie and Friends in Conversation’, available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owerxb8rSPo" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owerxb8rSPo</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 6 Sep 2011.</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Sam Harris at AAI 07 pt1 of 2’, available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ok2oJgsGR6c&feature=related" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ok2oJgsGR6c&feature=related</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 10 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Schmid, D</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">avid</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, ‘The Unusual Suspects: Celebrity, Conspiracy, and Objective Violence in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Glamorama</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Bret Easton Ellis: American Psycho, Glamorama and Lunar Park </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">(ed. Naomi Mandel) (Continuum: London, 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">‘Scrapings’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Economist</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, 6 Aug 2005.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sontag, Susan, ‘The Pornographic Imagination’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">A Susan Sontag Reader</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (ed. Elizabeth Hardwick) (Penguin: London, 1983).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Thomson, Ian, ‘2666, By Roberto Bolaño, trs Natasha Wimmer’, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Independent</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/2666-by-roberto-bola241o-trs-natasha-wimmer-1520050.html" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/2666-by-roberto-bola241o-trs-natasha-wimmer-1520050.html</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">, accessed 3 Sep 2011.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Valdes, M, ‘Alone Among the Ghosts: Roberto </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bolano’s</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> ‘</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">2666’’, available at </span><a class="Hyperlink SCX8549898" href="http://www.thenation.com/article/alone-among-ghosts-roberto-bolanos-2666" style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.thenation.com/article/alone-among-ghosts-roberto-bolanos-2666</span></a><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (accessed on 27 May 2011).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Wilde, Oscar, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Picture of Dorian Gray</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Young, Elizabeth, ‘The Beat in the Jungle, the Figure in the Carpet: Bret Easton Ellis’s </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">American Psycho</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">’ in </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Shopping in Space: Essays on American “Blank Generation” Fiction</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (ed. Elizabeth Young and Graham Caveney) (Serpent’s Tail: London, 1992).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Zizek, Slavoj, </span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The Art of the Ridiculous Sublime: On David Lynch</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">’</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">s Lost Highway</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (UOW Press: Washington, 2000).</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">Word Count: 15, 2</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">90</span><span class="TextRun SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span class="EOP SCX8549898" style="font-family: Times New Roman,Serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-58914270787846683952011-09-13T19:17:00.013+01:002014-04-29T16:51:06.535+01:00A 9/11 Poem<div style="border: medium none;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">Soon came the structure for remembrance,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Videos and journals, brick and steel work:</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The half-naked <i>Cell-Phone Jumper</i>,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>The Waving Woman</i> in the afterlife-window,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Descending from different heights, sing-u-lar-ly,</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">Almost alone.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">The <i>Falling Man</i> became a book; brave distillation.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">There were other men and women. They held hands,<br />Leaping and clenching,<br />Their slow limbs (makeshift bungee-ropes, orange-black, failing)</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Almost still.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Most of the dying was less spectacular,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Invisibly done,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Almost condemned to silence</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">By siren, heat, debris, pavement screaming.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">All of this,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">But a solidarity of the last telephoned words of that world,<br />For those who could still part lips:</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>I love you</i>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">(Where were you when...?)</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">I was leaving school.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">During English, my brother caught the second hit,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">As it happened, that swell of extinction.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">My no-bullshit grandmother,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">A different evacuee, overlapping centuries,</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Had telephoned my mother to say:</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">'You should turn on the television,<br />I think history is taking place.'</span></div>
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RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-30422022534386741032011-09-08T04:32:00.003+01:002011-09-08T04:36:52.036+01:00Bookmarks are for Narcissists<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Exhausted in text?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Shut the book, put it down, go for a walk.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">When later you finger, open her,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Curiosity, gravity and chance at hand,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">She will face you with the thought you were thinking you had lost,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The page you loved,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Won with your eyes.</span>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-13326299622443314642011-08-09T21:05:00.097+01:002011-09-17T15:11:54.374+01:00Unknowing fascism: The rioters and their apologists.<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">If the riots are not considered to be apolitical, then they must be fascistic. The people whose jobs and homes have been wrecked as a result are predominantly working class. No attacks have (yet) been carried out on government buildings or officials. To use the word 'protest' now would be to show a very poor understanding of the English language.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The only people who do not seem to be furious, or at least ironic, about what is happening and spreading as I am writing this, are a clutch of middle class students and the rioters themselves.<br /><br />The social networking response from most 'friends' has been witty or summary; from a minority, many of whom are postgraduates, there have been morally weird and logically blank status updates and links, loaded with conspiracy innuendo. (I can only assume those reading this will have a similar home feed right now.) The first thing to notice about the riots, wherever you stand (or sit) politically is surely the following; there is no connection, moral or logical, from the statement - <i>Society has let us down</i> - to the action of indiscriminately wrecking other people's lives. To suggest that there is a motive to the mayhem, despite the evidence of what has been ruined, not to mention the runaway silence of the perpetrators, requires complete intellectual dishonesty.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">To complain about the statements made by police, council leaders or politicans - that, for instance, they have been reductive and unhelpful - is a self-abnegating position for any educated student to take. Maybe more people around the country would be enlightened if Boris Johnson began referencing Derrida or Marx to describe the looting. No - no, they wouldn't. But perhaps the longer a coward is educated at second-tier universities for (mine include Leeds and Sussex), the more right-wing and apologetic he or she becomes under left-wing banners of rhetoric. If you try to reason with these people - the rioters or the apologists - using facts, the response is either a fingers-in-ears or middle-fingers-up jump into a get-away-car of despair censorship. According to these people,I am a fascist, or merely a conservative, for condemning the riots. I think, pointing at history, I can safely reverse the accusation.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />So why are young people blindly adhering to anything anti-Western (not necessarily anti-establishment - remember they don't like the BNP)? I used to be, roughly speaking, of this ilk: so I think I can try for an answer. It is far too easy to devote a paragraph of any essay, a chapter of any book, to Freudian interpretations of human affairs. However in the case of the new left wing, including many people who have a blind spot to the Caliphate-nostalgic, female circumsision and suicide-bombing corporations, usurpation of illusory authority and ignorance of far away Big Brother types seems to be a valid theory. I can't help but think that on some level my briefly lived vitriol against the 'fascistic' United States of America (scroll down Joey Barton's Twitter for help) was born out of a churlish reaction to authority of any kind, no matter how unintrusive, provident and nourishing. On authority, George Orwell in <i>Inside the Whale</i> is tutelary in a way I have quoted before on this blog:<br /><br />People can swallow totalitarianism because they have no experience of anything other than liberalism.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">I'm no expert on political history, nor do I mean to condescend, but the Labour movement has achieved so much for an oppressed working class since the nineteenth century. It has been betrayed in recent years, usually by white middle-class postmodernists who, when for instance thinking about our role overseas, are more concerned about oil and profit than the issue of psychopathic crime families enslaving their populations, or powerful figureheads of apocalyptic cults stoning or genitally mutiliating heretic women. Meanwhile secular socialists - true socialists - are desperately struggling for emancipation. As long as the record is anti-Western, young people who sell the Social Worker in the twenty-first century want it to play, preferably on their iPods.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">There have been no demands made by any spokespeople. This is bankrupt terrorism, and now the indie flock are bound to start flinging the word 'Orwellian', incidentally without fear, all over the internet during the upcoming investigations. There is no redemption for those who torch innocent people's property - leaving it to brave firefighters - in a society which guarantees freedom of speech, benefits, healthcare, multiculturalism and human rights. The free Blackberry Messenger conversations and swanky videos being enjoyed at this very moment by the criminals are proof in more than one sense. It may be a cutesy cliche to refer to starving children in Africa. But consider that currently there is the worst drought in that continent in half a century: 10.7 million people are in need of humanitarian assistance and 25% of the Somalian population alone has been displaced. Meanwhile, however underpriveleged, hundreds of young people here are looting shops for gin and sound systems. Maybe I'm being harsh. Perhaps all they're looking for is the Les Miserables soundtrack.</span></div>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-63700404662793529142011-07-24T17:43:00.005+01:002011-09-22T14:24:29.402+01:00Form is T, Class is KP<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">The T20 format boasts big-hitting entertainment and big hand-outs. Its broadcasters have worked hard at throwing paint over the honest summary: that a game of just twenty overs a side, defined by sixes and low-full-toss bowlers, is usually just a game of chance; an optical illusion in its resemblance to cricket. Still, it can be good fun if there's enough beer on tap. Furthermore it is far from superstitious nonsense to say that 20/20 has bolstered Test cricket as a dramatic spectacle. We are getting more results, far more value, as it were, for our time. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">In many ways, Kevin Pietersen is made for 20/20. On his website he devotes a chapter to his sponsors, all six of them. And his body language is the give away. I've spoken to people who have noticed, as I have, that many a delivery in the field KP can be seen walking in close enough to the action so that he can look up and check himself out on the big screen, as though not yet bored of his own recurring photograph after almost a decade of fame. (However I am yet to meet a woman who finds him attractive.) As for the cricket, Pietersen's aggressive batting, with broad stance and enormous backlift to go, plus his drab off-spin, are ideal for the shortest form of the game. Anyway, the South African emigrant has a Test average of 48.16. He has scored eighteen Test centuries. He has represented England in three winning Ashes teams, having played only four Ashes series. These are the briefs that really matter.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">His interviews may be ridiculous, his patriotism embarrassingly ornate, but he can bat (in fact, <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDVFF7vRG7w">he can bat blindfolded</a>) and he should by now have enough experience to make the most of his latest claim to a revival: an unbeaten 202 in the Lord's Test against India. It was a knock full of fight and patience, confirmed by a modest strike rate of 61.96.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">At the Oval in 2005, a more dramatic Test century by Pietersen, and his first, culminated the greatest Ashes series
in history. For this reason, it will remain his most popular among
fans. The eventual dismissal by Glenn McGrath was as typical of
Pietersen as the thunder-and-lightning innings itself, interrupting commentator
Richie Benaud's dignified farwell to English cricket, before the camp bully took off his helmet, got out the yellow mohawk and waved his unorthodox cricket bat for the length of a Meat Loaf song. Fair enough.</span></div>
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<br />RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-12713456001398205402011-07-23T00:47:00.008+01:002011-07-23T05:37:19.359+01:00iCharlatans<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">To go beyond is as wrong as to fall short.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">-Confucius, <i>Analects </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Lately I have been troubled by a cliché or misconception in anthropology. It is taken for granted, at least in middle class circles, washed through young minds and there retained for a lifetime: <i>Successful individuals have either reaped the rewards of hard work, or are gifted with extraordinary ability, or both</i>. The former assumption - the work-horse animal - is the label with which we prejudice, earnestly nodding our heads in a hurry. It is this former assumption and its discrepant narrative to which I think people should show more hostility. In spite of fortitude, is it not the case that hard work can, in many cases, exist as a euphemism for cock-sucking? Or, bearing in mind feminists, cunt-slurping?</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">In this desensitized, digitized (and so on) age, there are, of course, successful anonymous professionals, or students, who are brilliantly sycophantic, extraordinary at ‘networking’ (at convincing strangers of strangers), apolitical, nice, up to date (what does that even mean?), and robotic when they tick off items of landscape or culture as what they have ‘done’, not living for where taste leads. Vanity, the boring kind. Lots of saracsm. No irony.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Thus spake the moron: “It’s ok man, it’s postmodern, indie, surreal” etc. They take themselves (but never their words) seriously and, when in danger of being found out, resort to performing silences of pseudo wisdom - a romantic stare, eyebrows a curve, lips pursed. And when, eventually, they are found out, there is a wounded face currying apology, so that the whole masochistic thing can begin again, <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ex8hOpoKviw">the object of Jarvis Cocker satire</a>. Many young readers will know the kind of dick I am referring to.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">These are morally and intellectually repulsive people we are talking about here. But because of the recycled first assumption - the hard work that implies courage - these people do, however, check into the popular conscious as morally and intellectually normal (or better). Probably the worst culprits are those who pretend to be gifted with extraordinary ability despite merely working hard on their digital-preoccupation existence. (By this I don’t mean someone who takes a calculator into an office or an exam.) This is the only <i>stereo</i>type of human being on whom I would ever cast the fragile, overused and hence fractured insult: pretentious. This sort, peddling illusion, could only be considered at the most quasi-religious. If a religious person pretends to know what can not possibly be known, then surely a pretentious person is someone who masquerades as knowing what is in truth understood by less superficial, rival primates. I think "pretentious" inferior to religious, since its essence defies either compassion or any system of ethics, prescribed or still evolving.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">In other words, this well-rehearsed saga, reducing the human being to either a technically or mentally strong footballer in an early console game, has nothing to do with merit. It makes for a far easier life, outside of the brain, to push beyond the point of extinction the meaning of real narcissism and of ‘real’ fraudulence so that we might avoid the reversal of such accusations.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">This is vulgar, hardly revelatory, thinking on my part. Perhaps it invites suspicion of lazy or traumatised writing. Or, that it is not on my part, and that I have borrowed, non-specifically and without a great deal of disguise, from authors I especially admire: namely <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigmund_Freud">Sigmund Freud</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inside_the_Whale">George Orwell</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Laughter_and_Forgetting">Milan Kundera</a>, <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMFRuEnWZ50">Bret Easton Ellis</a> and <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GZiKAeJ9mAU">Christopher Hitchens</a>. Really what it comes down to is the word <i>nice</i>: another prepubescent infection, determined to stay. <i>Nice</i>, as distinguished from loving, generous or courageous. But in order to break off entirely, I have to stop weighing everything as carrots at the self-checkout in Sainsburys, and, for now at least, work harder.</span></div>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-63428524096459086452011-07-11T21:25:00.019+01:002011-07-12T04:16:50.727+01:00Neymar to Ganso, Modric et al, through the Window<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVJDSn9shuPsD2iC6bNwpBqYxtlymhcHMlvr-PVwlvgWW-NeZh_pnOFuPiPWUtLIKm8Ss_k6bcnO76pz0ajz4koq5yTGkhpx15MOs3ycUjukMb1uUGh-0SD_woxBRRjLKHoSGGcD2Hn41n/s1600/ganso.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVJDSn9shuPsD2iC6bNwpBqYxtlymhcHMlvr-PVwlvgWW-NeZh_pnOFuPiPWUtLIKm8Ss_k6bcnO76pz0ajz4koq5yTGkhpx15MOs3ycUjukMb1uUGh-0SD_woxBRRjLKHoSGGcD2Hn41n/s320/ganso.jpg" width="242" /></a></div>
Jonathan Wilson: 'And then sign Ganso (above) as well'<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"> Rarely is an individual player the privileged subject of a one-line, Jonathan Wilson paragraph. There are few football writers in the English language as widely syndicated in separate chunks of the globe, or as envied by bibliophobic peers in their hundreds, as Wilson, author of <i>Inverting the Py</i></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><i>ramid</i>. His pen is renowned for drawing tactical systems, or at least for committing these traces in history to crisp prose on the page. The privileged individual is Ganso, 21 years of age and - at over six feet tall - a potentially powerful (remember a skinny [Cristiano] Ronaldo?) advanced playmaker. The article in mention was <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/blog/2011/jun/23/neymar-santos-libertadores">a report</a> on the second leg of the Copa Libertadores final: Ganso and Pele's club, Santos, winning (2-0 on aggregate) for the first time since 1963. There to see this, an 'emotional' Pele was looking down not only at a new chapter of history, but also at the promise shown by striker Neymar. His match winning performance is the latest trailer for yet another national abreaction on the grandest stage: of the prodigy in movie gold, ready to lift the World Cup.</span></div>
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<object class="BLOGGER-youtube-video" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0" data-thumbnail-src="http://2.gvt0.com/vi/_Z0RXSNTeco/0.jpg" height="266" width="320"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/_Z0RXSNTeco&fs=1&source=uds" />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br />The video is now a year out of date (...more have been added since); it is a sloppily assembled best-of package from the 09/10 season, in other words before Ganso earned his first cap for Brazil and fulfilled a best-supporting-actor role in the South American Champions League final. <a href="http://www.zonalmarking.net/2011/06/25/santos-2-1-penarol-tactics/"><i>Zonal Marking</i></a> describes Ganso's performance as at once intelligent and mobile:</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">impressive, escaping the attention of Peñarol’s
midfield duo by coming deep and turning, then running at the ball with
speed, also encouraging Elano forward to the right – his comparative
width forced Aguiar and Freitas to adjust their positions and move
towards their left.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The title of the video clip, "The New Zidane" - watch it for yourself, and I shall edit out all superlatives - is ludicrous; certainly it is unsurprising given its bogus youtube gift wrap. Then again, Zizou never scored more than ten goals in any league campaign. For an advanced playmaker (or a #10 <i>regista</i>: if pointless, at least a welcome break from the "false nine" trope which has dominated recent tactical discourse), Ganso's young CV - 26 goals in 110 professional games (0.24) - matters before and after the seduction of the scout. It is an especially impressive beginning if one considers the recent increase in the number of highly capped South American defenders choosing to return home, with plenty of seasons still left in the tank, to where they began their careers. This may have as much to do with the decline of Serie A as with the persisting and understandable fear of, or resentment towards, the Premiership imbued in these players. And now they go back to a Latin culture which remains gilded with an eccentricity and liberty (translated, tactically, in Italian: libero / sweeper / free role in defence) incongruous with the current footballscape of Central and Western Europe. Furthermore, it's a Latin culture that pays more nowadays. Dario Rodriguez, the Uruguayan international for instance, faced Ganso in last month's final.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Common sense, or a Wiki-moment's fact-checking, would vindicate any assertion that goalscoring midfielders are essential to successful teams. I have no doubt that although Harry Redknapp recently dismissed Chelsea's £23 million bid for Luka Modric as derisory (Redknapp rightly pointed out that footballers going for similar amounts of money - presumably he means the mediocre England Under 21 player, Jordan Henderson - "aren't fit to lace Luka's boots"), clubs interested in Modric are bound to use the ball-carrier's woeful goalscoring record as a self-deprecating bargaining chip. Abysmally, the Croat netted only three times last season, squandering chances throughout Tottenham's defence of 4th place. These will not be heard described as guilt-edged chances, since it is inconceivable for Modric to attract bad press, what with him being such a <i>gifted little player</i>. (Of course he's a fine technician and most people reading this would agree that his passing vision is as far-reaching as his coveted ability. But this wet, <i>gifted little player</i> sycophancy somewhat undermines St Boot-It-Long George's accusation that melodramatic foreigners who require protection are ruining our football "culture".) Any other player on a six-year contract angry at his chairman, delusional enough to describe Chelsea FC - historically and aesthetically an insignficant club, <a href="http://blog.sport.co.uk/Football/298/Top_Ten_John_Terry_Misdemeanours.aspx">captained by Jihad-celebrating, disabled-parking-space thief, extramarital shark, brave John Terry</a>, a fanbase famous for its <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-521851/Grants-father-abused-racist-Chelsea-fans-Carling-Cup-Final.html">anti-semitic core</a>, a club only recently successful because of its <i>There Will Be Blood</i>, Cold War loser of a hero - as somewhere that every footballer "dreams of playing", would be ridiculed by at least one thinking person in the media.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">After the last twelve months, in which the Premiership's newest Big Four have gambled with incomparable success on Javier Hernandez, Fernando Torres, Edin Dzeko and Marouakh Chamakh, it makes indefatigable sense to draw attention away from Neymar to his teammate, Ganso. Chelsea and Manchester United's midfields are both in need of a glamorous reboot. Manchester City, despite signing David Silva, were accused at times last season of lacking subtlety in a midfield thoroughly augmented by ivory, and by concrete in reserve: Yaya Toure, Nigel De Jong, Gareth Barry, James Milner, Patrick Vieira and so on. Meanwhile Sandro, Tom Huddlestone and Rafael Van der Vaart each offer surprise and
artistry in abundance, so Luka Modric's absence would do little to impoverish the aesthetic expected at White Hart Lane. Cesc Fabregas, of course, could go. If he is not replaced, then Jonathan Wilson or another member of the press might well inquire into the potential cultural ramifications. Would the Spaniard's, and possibly the Croat's, departure signal a victory for clout in the Premier League, leaving the likes of Raul Moreiles, Park Ji-Sung and Samir Nasri - let's lump and gulp them down as gifted little players - in a strange and permanent frost? <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/blog/2011/jul/07/clubs-battle-sign-football-playmakers">Dominic Fitfield made a similar point this weekend in the Guardian</a> (a newspaper borrowing throughout this News of the World debacle, Harry Redknapp's post-match interview soundbite on loop: <i>I know what the people want... If it wasn't for me... Look at what a job I've done...</i>). Regrettably Fitfield is, <a href="http://shakespearesupportsspurs.blogspot.com/2010/06/world-cup-day-8.html">as I had been during the last World Cup</a>, much too generous to Joe Cole, the Liverpool substitute whose largely uneventful career is slowly eating itself.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;">The things a small, 'family' club can do for lucky men...</span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyDgM9TMPTm4hE_8oeGFPDldncSoTYhyj9VyvMp9VkozJ57jNvnZ_K6bTU7AQZ2YXEbWzR4a4ohyHknCjhn3l1gppEvY0mtdwewZoEZrRsKmBRvr6xvJtPNQYvQAfQpXZf2lNFI9qoAxER/s1600/images.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyDgM9TMPTm4hE_8oeGFPDldncSoTYhyj9VyvMp9VkozJ57jNvnZ_K6bTU7AQZ2YXEbWzR4a4ohyHknCjhn3l1gppEvY0mtdwewZoEZrRsKmBRvr6xvJtPNQYvQAfQpXZf2lNFI9qoAxER/s1600/images.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The banality of the transfer window and an even broader, matchday boringness are why English football would be privileged by the import of a talent such as Ganso, on whom it is worth keeping an eye and pinning a hope.</span></div>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-40566835996704458252011-07-01T18:36:00.001+01:002011-07-23T03:46:24.565+01:00Polem<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">"They can swallow totalitarianism because they have no experience of anything other than liberalism."</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">-- George Orwell, <i>Inside the Whale</i>, 1940</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Folded thin, the moon</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">as</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">sheets of straw</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Through a pale blue shelter.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">It is five in(to) the morning, end of June.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Two unfinished paperbacks and a lager,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">So little is there to tell of this, or summer.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">And while the narrator may,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Given the hot history of your address bar,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Seem unenviable,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">I know of no gloom in candor.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">This is my making it onto the page.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">A gull coughs, hardly worth reporting.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">And clouds bring rain.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">What other than third-rate minutiae goes on here?</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Instead should I rhyme consistently,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Or pun with fingers in my ears?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Don't think I'll battle a trope</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Then smile if you begin privately -</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Words as snowballs</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">(<i>Critical distance</i>, <i>dialectic</i>, <i>avant garde</i>)</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">- What I want no part in.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">I cannot pretend I am speaking to another,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Listened to,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Unless I leave the house.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">The arms of critical theory are glued, folded:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">These strange gods, who command strangeness,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Who cannot say <i>Bonjour</i> without blushing,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Are half-musing, unrepulsed,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The hue of acid through the unveiled lips of women,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The mass in the mass grave. <em>How strange!</em>,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">You chin-scratch.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">If the race (to the straw moon) survives this leg,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Another outstretched hand, a new nonsense,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Will write a fist and run the show. </span>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-83272933261353984852011-06-28T04:32:00.000+01:002011-07-23T03:46:24.565+01:00We know you can beat the odds<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-63892425992990949792011-06-25T19:31:00.013+01:002011-07-23T03:46:24.566+01:00Blog Update<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Dear Reader,</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">You might have noticed I haven't posted much this year, while my Twitter account, RobbieJones1987 (I think?) is a boring blurb-book I choose, and would advise, not to indulge in. Dividing my time between academic and paid work has left no spare moment. Unfortunately, inevitably, the result is that my viewing count has fallen as sharply as if I'd begun to condone horrible acts of torture on here. (Although perhaps that would have had the opposite effect?) As the MA trudges to a conclusion, I will not be blogging regularly again until September, though no doubt I'll post a sample of frank, Mr-Shankly-terrible verse, or of transfer-window horseshit inspired by Tony Gale.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">In the meantime, here is what I can remember from the Spring (encompassing Phil Collins and Whitney Houston, Catalan-passmaster history, psychobabble and Hitchslapping), some of which has informed my essay and dissertation writing, and plenty of which I would recommend:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Recently Read</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Edward Bellamy, <i>Looking Backward</i> **</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Roberto Bolano, <i>2666</i> <span style="color: #f1c232;">*****</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Jimmy Burns, <i>Barca: A People's Passion</i> ***</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Don DeLillo, <i>The Body Artist</i> ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>Falling Man</i> <span style="color: #f1c232;">*****</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Michael Foucault, <i>What is an Author? </i>****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Christopher Hitchens, <i>Why Orwell Matters </i>****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Krishan Kumar, <i>Utopianism</i> ***</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Jacques Lacan, <i>Ecrits</i> ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Vicky Lebeau, <i>Psychoanalysis and Cinema: The Play of Shadows</i> ***</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Naomi Mandell (ed.), <i>Bret Easton Ellis:</i> <i>Essays on </i>American Psycho, Glamorama, Lunar Park ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Ian McEwan, <i>Solar</i> ***</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">William Morris, <i>News From Nowhere **</i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">George Orwell, <i>Essays</i> <span style="color: #f1c232;">*****</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>Homage to Catalonia</i> ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">HG Wells, <i>The Time Machine</i> ***</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Yevgeny Zamyatin, <i>We</i> <span style="color: #f1c232;">*****</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Slavoj Zizek, <i>The Art of the Ridiculous Sublime: On David Lynch's "Lost Highway" ****</i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Recently Viewed</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Michael Apted, <i>Enigma</i> ***</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Frank Darabont, <i>The Walking Dead</i> (TV) ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Michael Haneke, <i>Funny Games</i> (US, II) ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>The Piano Teacher</i> ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., </span><span style="font-size: large;"><i>The Seventh Continent</i> ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Alfred Hitchcock, <i>The Birds <span style="color: #f1c232;">*****</span></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>Rear Window</i> <span style="color: #f1c232;">*****</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>Rope ***</i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>Saboteur</i> ***</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>Shadow of a Doubt</i> ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>The 39 Steps</i> ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>The Trouble with Harry </i>***</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>Vertigo</i> <span style="color: #f1c232;">*****</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Armando Ianucci, <i>The Thick of It</i> (TV) ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">David Lynch, <i>Blue Velvet</i> ****</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>The Elephant Man</i> <span style="color: #f1c232;">*****</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i>Lost Highway ****</i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">... et al, <i>Twin Peaks</i> (TV) <span style="color: #f1c232;">*****</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">..., <i style="color: white;">Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me</i><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: white;">****</span></span></span><br />
<div style="color: white;">
<span style="font-size: large;">D. B. Weiss et al, <i>Game of Thrones</i> (TV) ****</span></div>
<div style="color: black;">
<div style="color: white;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: white;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Recent Blogs</b></span></div>
<br /></div>
<div style="color: black;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><u><a href="http://www.zonalmarking.net/"><span style="color: blue;">Michael Cox et al,</span> <i>Zonal Marking</i></a></u></span></div>
<div style="color: black;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><u><a href="http://gininliteraryteacups.wordpress.com/"><span style="color: blue;">Laura Gadsden,</span> <i>Gin in Literary Tea Cups</i></a></u></span></div>
<div style="color: black;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><i><u><a href="http://www.dailyhitchens.com/">Daily Hitchens</a></u></i></span></div>
<div style="color: black;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><i><a href="http://www.dearmrlevy.com/">Dear Mr Levy</a></i><a href="http://www.dearmrlevy.com/"></a></span></div>
<div style="color: black;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><u style="color: blue;">Rachel Silverlight, </u><i><a href="http://gullsofbrighton.wordpress.com/">Gulls of Brighton</a> </i></span></div>
<div style="color: black;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/profile/jonathanwilson"><span style="color: blue;">Jonathan Wilson, </span><i>Guardian Football</i></a></span></div>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-45451093036046862042011-05-10T00:35:00.006+01:002011-07-23T03:46:24.566+01:00Elvis<span style="font-size: large;">Seated pigeon-proud,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Then prostrate,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Now hunched for hours,</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">He does his desperate best</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">To outshit the beer-warped sprawl in his songbook,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Open and held in fat hands.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">A <i>Citizen Kane</i> rosebud would do it.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">A woman's parasol leans against the oak-veneered door,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">By chance creating a triangle shelled by leopard spots,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Reeking of tobacco and Yves Saint Lauren:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Sopping, it is the one audible tap in this bathroom panic.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">True pathetic fallacy consolidates rainfall</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">As a souvenir: a passed, tense force.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">He imagined he would receive a letter the following
morning - the reply he had been waiting for - from Emil Sinclair. He was
sure that the words would rise from the paper, magical,
unctuous and serious:<br />
</span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">"I like listening to
music, but only the kind you play, completely unreserved music, the kind
that makes you feel that a man is shaking heaven and hell. I believe I
love that kind of music because it is amoral. Everything else is so
moral that I'm looking for something that isn't. Morality has always
seemed so insufferable. I can't express it very well. Do you know there
must be a god who is both god and devil at one and the same time? There
is supposed to have been one once. I heard about it."</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">With a groaning squeeze (which itself rises doomed as rumour exaggerated from without)</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The capillaries of his existence yell forth names,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">At the temple or on the pinna,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Like a hammer of wind through a tree house.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Peer-pressure music-tastes jostle for timber and echo. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Ashamed and obligated to respond,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">He sings in borrowed melody:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>This is one damn good failure</i>.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">It was as though all his life's words had been about cake.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Already he had glanced overboard.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Now he happened, from the edge of plankdom, </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">To be looking at rough colourless footwear.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Despair is an oceanic invitation</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">To shit and move and love.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Quotation borrowed from H. Hesse. M. Roloff (tr.). M. Lebeck (tr.). <i>Demian: The Story of Emil Sinclair's Youth</i> (New York: Bantam Books, 1970), 84.</span>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-47093442143485881332011-03-23T02:07:00.015+00:002011-04-14T20:56:10.600+01:00Madrid: This Is Real / The Sound of Noise<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> </span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">A humiliating FA Cup exit in January reconstituted Tottenham's fixture list, it was thought, for the better. Approaching Spring, the prospect of a double hiatus delighted even the most addicted fans; who wears Lilywhite and wants this season to end in a hurry? The first weekend off came in February after a defeat at Blackpool (1-3), with Spurs failing to win against Wolves </span><span style="font-size: large;">(3-3) </span><span style="font-size: large;">ten days later; the second fell this month between AC Milan at Home (0-0) and Sunday's derby against West Ham United - also at White Hart Lane, and another fast-paced, goalless draw. Spurs are not scoring, and have only played three games in a month. Vedran Corluka's reintroduction to the first team, and Benoit Assou-Ekotto's form (having played in every game this season, improving so much in recent months as to mute Eto'o, Pato and Nani in individual battles) are two small, serious positives for Harry Redknapp.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Throwing on a striker because you need a goal is, of course, not a logical reaction if one considers each match as discrete, because of formation, tempo, opposition and the (cap)ability of the strikers in question. Certainly, lumping on a Defoe or a Pavlyuchenko cannot be an automatic response now, since for most teams this involves a dramatic alteration of a three or four edged instrument of attack. These men - often used in an interchanging 3 (Barcelona: Messi-Villa-Pedro), a narrow 1-2-1 (Real Madrid: Ozil, Ronaldo-Di Maria, Benzema) or a wide 2-1-1 - are usually attackers (which is not the same as 'strikers'). However, in the case of Spurs (a 2-1-1), Aaron Lennon, statistically no more serious a threat in front of goal than Alan Hutton, may not be considered an attacker. Gareth Bale, although prolific this season, cannot be expected to continue increasing his tally with daring frequency, having only recently established himself further up the pitch. Deprived of goalscorers, the onus falls on Rafael Van der Vaart, then, who plays as <a href="http://www.footballfancast.com/2010/06/football-blogs/cantona-bergkamp-messi-the-false-nine-is-effective-but-underused">a false nine</a> and must begin to do so again, darting into available spaces. Against West Ham, VdV seared into the midfield and distributed effortlessly without giving Defoe the vital option of himself. His performance was, for this reason alone, out of character. It is match fitness, not match sharpness, VdV is trying to regain. For 180 minutes against Real Madrid, Peter Crouch will have to breastfeed the Dutchman. This requires absolute proximity and a rest that has already been generously afforded to Redknapp's squad. Crouch might even score himself. Defenders such as Ricardo Carvalho (now of Real Madrid) loathe to mark him, particularly if officials decide not to discourage tall people from playing football and actually allow Crouch to play.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Blunderings and spurnings aside, there are problems Real Madrid will create and repeat that Tottenham will never have come across before. In the clip below (Real Madrid v Osasuna), notice the inconsistency of positions taken up by the galacticos or - for what they really are - the counter attackers. It is worth paying attention to how much of the pitch, especially in wide positions, Ozil wrestles for. (If Liverpool purchase an effective winger this summer, a comparable pattern might emerge at Anfield - phases beginning at Raul Moreiles's feet and ending with Andy Carroll and Luis Suarez's power.) Jose Mourinho's star performers may not be as gregarious as Pep Guardiola's but their appetites will mean that the playing time of Tottenham's defensive midfielder is as under threat as that of the sprinting winger. Sandro looked tired against West Ham. On the macrocosmic pitch at the Bernebau, the Brazilian, Jenas and Palacios could each play some part. As for the threat of Gareth Bale, it is not worth thinking about unless Sergio Ramos and Alvaro Arbeloa are going to be recognised as two <i>defensively</i> world class full backs. (I am presuming Mourinho will not risk Marcelo at full back against an English team, particularly with Aaron Lennon running in the opposite direction.) Meanwhile, Cristiano Ronaldo is a doubt for the home leg, although as Sid Lowe - so much better in print than on pod - told Guardian Football Weekly on Monday, this has probably been exaggerated so that he gets some rest during the international break.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">In truth, Spurs have little more chance of winning any silverware this season even now that the club are sailing in the up-river reaches of the Champions League - the staff are now paid to study video footage of Real Madrid - than before it had really begun in August, when in a qualifier against Young Boys, Tom Huddlestone came off the bench and hijacked the tie, steering the seemingly shambolic newcomers into a group with Internazionale, Werder Bremen and FC Twente. Indeed silverware is less probable now, with no possibility of a domestic cup. (One of the more apocryphal axioms in football fandom is that spoken by the Arsenal supporter, sneering at the Carling Cup - their best shot at having their name etched onto something [anything?] every season.) Before his (ongoing) ankle injury, Huddlestone would continue to impress in the group stage, arresting millions who savour the geneses of goals - the pass that slips through even the most tactically disciplined midfield (of, say, the European champions) after much patience, yet probably doesn't make it into a highlights package. The pressure of his absence on the halfway line has been relieved, not only by Luka Modric's first touch and his relationship with gravity, but also by Sandro: an intelligent and skilled safeguard, more comfortable in the Champions League than in the Premiership. It is a preference shared this season by William Gallas. Dawson and Gallas will hope to leave the horrorshows of Blackpool and Wolves behind them, and to continue building a partnership as sound as any in Europe's elite and gilded competition. The French international spent four years at his last club with no gold to show for it. The 2011 Champions League Final is not far away, either temporally or geographically. For now though, it must remain a fantasy, something screened in black and white since all this white and blue supermodernism is not a language Spurs are fluent in. And yet neither is it something they appear strange in.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Football writing is doomed to the fatuous, the predictive and the forgettable. Consider Chelsea's demise - from title probables in November to relying on a new central defender for goals and galvanization as outsiders. Or Porto and Monaco playing in the Champions League Final in 2004. Then, a Liverpool team that included Djimi Traore, Harry Kewell and Djibril Cisse, winning the following year in Istanbul. The ironies and surprises that chasten the game's intellectual legislators, and force constant re-evaluations and closer readings of players and coaches (this is something the sports writer I must quote more than any other, Jonathan Wilson, <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/blog/2010/dec/01/the-question-harry-redknapp-tactically">is careful to point out about Harry Redknapp</a>), will, I hope, favour those working for Tottenham in the forthcoming months. Football depends on solidarity, and on an evolving aesthetic; most of all, football is always drunk on the memory of winning. To me, this season is a dream-place it will not do to leave.</span><br />
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</div>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-79573376410012508522011-03-16T21:20:00.006+00:002011-07-23T03:46:24.567+01:00Stopping on Mulholland Dr.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/fHkZD6f3ii4?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Me: Speak up.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Matthew: I think I said: "I think every woman I've shared a bed with stars in <i>Mulholland Dr</i>. I mean, in their faces, you know? At first, each is laughing and dancing brilliantly without having ever been taught. Then she is pitying or disgusted, with nothing to give at dinner parties."</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">John: Yes. The new girl, her open chest driving you into the wilderness. The last, a dissatisfied, misremembered porn star.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Luke: I think she said: "Do you want to sleep with me?" I should have passed at the question; instead I rise to the stage for another Act, the baptised pinnacle of my head resurrected through a trapdoor. Reality is desire. It is a sequence shot of <i>jouissance</i> drowning, the eyes open. There are bubbles and boring fish.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Me: What do you want?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Mark: It has been decided for men that a mutilation of genitals is an impossible scenario. So I want to be tied to a mast, moored to a fantasy, with no more failure at sea. If I could devolve, green and amphibian as a flip-book of family cartoons - a text one can make perfect sense of, and smile through, on the bus -</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">I would live under their gazes. <i>Under the sea</i>, little hands crinkle like the glue and paint of a star, guided by a push of wind onto the surface of an outdoor swimming pool. A child learning to ride a bicycle. A child on holiday. A child, painting and sticking. Under the sea, you do not hear the intones: hesitation or frustration. Seeing, even through goggles, is a constrictive and dissatisfying experience. From now on, my partners are conceding the seductive sibilance and clear music of their siren songs, all to water. Don't give me that look. To be a fantasist is not to regress; in a dream I am another child, recording adult, middle-of-night embraces on a disc, the shame absent as a disonaur from a holy book.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Me: What the fuck are you talking about? Who are you having a pop at? Women? Religion?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Luke: In the movie, do you remember the single blue key on the table? How it reappeared?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Me: No, I didn't notice it. Where are you going with this? I'm going to give Dr. What's-His-Face?-I-Can't-Remember a call.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Matthew: On waking from fantasy: mistakes, sirens and slow monsters. After dying, a silence.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Mark: The languages of the world went static once your lips and your fingers began moving. I have tried to act for the audience I love: the solitary specatator in the Odeon space. Whether or not there is a holding of hands, loved is how I yearn to disappear.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Luke: There was an accident. I came here. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">John: This is the girl.</span><br />
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</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Me: I wonder where you were going.</span>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-1195154911210503242011-03-03T02:31:00.004+00:002011-07-23T03:46:24.567+01:00Erocracy<span style="font-size: large;">Not even Eric Blair, a teenager anxiously on the brandy, buttoning up a shirt for a date, squeezing the rubber on his perfume, could have defended against intimacy:</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Always cutesy or brutal,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">This totality.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">We are making gods of ourselves.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">We hurry to edit the past and future,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Spectacles our computers will celebrate.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Sometimes, I watch you making stir-fry as if we are doing the gardening in Eden. We use one another's eyes as reflective water. The echo and the fall are unoverthrowable</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Solipsisms,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Shuffling back to childishness, and lunging our hopes forward to a coupled death amid the narrative panic of the world.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">We have our heads in a hole, our skins on a silver screen: You, Film, Strip, me.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">I have to repeat to myself:<i> I am just something in a mirror</i>, and to keep my eyes peeled for the both of us. I have to make sure the hunt is as appealing as the haunt. Overall I must both love and fear this power. Otherwise these fantasies will see to it, disappearing - participle-proud - my personage. All over. Again.</span>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-31377526646601464052011-02-24T03:56:00.030+00:002011-07-23T03:46:24.568+01:00Rising with the Wirelessness<span style="font-size: large;">On Skype</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">You have folded your arms</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">And are looking at me with books for eyes,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">As if waiting for a gift.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">I have nothing in the way of treasure, surprise, heat or strength.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">If a new season begins its press </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">(The slitted blinds, enemies, plated heat,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The brush of Firefox light in my bed),</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">And we think about <i>giving it a go</i>,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">There would surely be a deep end.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">Or an imperceptible chaos of lips, from which</span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">I ought to be afraid</span></div><span style="font-size: large;">I might not have the body to make a return journey.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The mind becomes drowned in returnity.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">You must be Autumn, </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Since my first two turns on the claw crane</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Were analogous to Spring and Summer;</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The word, <i>ghost</i>, loses its clean reputation so fast.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Vowels of pink oxygen are holding us by the tongue,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Letting bedtime stories into our ears like cotton.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">I want you to tell me things.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">I want to own you,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">I want an eating.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">What I need is forgetfulness - to repress into the future</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">A footprint.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">In my sleep, footstep-crime goes unpunished.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">When my head falls away from camera,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">You ask what is happening.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">I speak up,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Rising with the wirelessness, angel-hoarse:</span><br />
<i><span style="font-size: large;">We were asleep.</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-size: large;">But now our heads are heavy with gold and concrete.</span></i>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-8393442879744835252011-02-15T00:59:00.003+00:002011-02-15T19:18:43.850+00:00The King's Speech<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4sI0MblP_2GCpnK7PSVsoL2Kn32e84e1VEXjx402SxRjkJzjXjYjUfNIjE1WAPEnVavz7IZJ6aSlJzDxGlVVTCu-VgDjyX8Px8bGdeygbtlVgCXsKvdO-PZXzYNGE59Qi4WNpe5xWmwDz/s1600/kings_speech.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="187" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4sI0MblP_2GCpnK7PSVsoL2Kn32e84e1VEXjx402SxRjkJzjXjYjUfNIjE1WAPEnVavz7IZJ6aSlJzDxGlVVTCu-VgDjyX8Px8bGdeygbtlVgCXsKvdO-PZXzYNGE59Qi4WNpe5xWmwDz/s320/kings_speech.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="color: #f1c232;"><br />
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</div><div style="background-color: black; color: #f1c232;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b> </b></span></div><div style="background-color: black; color: #f1c232;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>* * * * * </b></span></div><div style="background-color: black;"><br />
</div><div style="background-color: black; color: white;"><span style="font-size: large;">(Dir. Tom Hooper, 2010)</span></div><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Somehow, the author and journalist Christopher Hitchens has found time to squeeze into his shrunken daily grind, and into the circularism of the movie reviewing business, <a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2282194/">an unexpected piece</a>. Amid the fervour in the States (Americans just love regal, British numbers), and on contrarian service, Hitchens hones in on the various untruths in <i>The King's Speech</i>, particularly the transmogrifications of Hitler's pal, Edward VIII, and Winston Churchill - whose depiction comes closer to the Car Insurance, nodding-dog namesake, than the Prime Minister hero.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The role of Churchill is attempted by the normally effective, normally less significantly casted, Timothy Spall - recognisable as assistant to both Sweeney Todd and Lord Voldemort. In Orwellian ink, the tone of the article is hardly surprising. Problematic as facts are, however, <i>The King's Speech</i> is really nothing more (or less) than a showpiece of storymaking and storytelling. And Spall has barely a handful of script. Director Tom Hooper (<i>Longford</i>, <i>The Damned United</i>) might have broached this in his history-lesson endnote, but then what kind of auteur makes a confession moments before his name appears?</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The based-on-a-true-story patter might inconvenience a biographer, and yet for those immersed in the drama, Hooper has furnished a humble and funny flickering of spectacle. His dialogue captures the ethical and historical wonder of a contemporary phenomenon: the nonsensing of guilt through revelation: psychoanalysis.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The best of this script is shared by a protagonist with a speech defect, the future George VI (Colin Firth), and his speech therapist, Lionel Logue (Geoffrey Rush), although Helena Bonham Carter's affectionate turn as George's wife, the late Queen Mother, deserves mentioning. After failing to speak at a packed Wembley Stadium (a scene likely to fascinate any football fan with a sense of history), George is advised by Elizabeth to recruit Logue, an Australian who is secretly unqualified and has abandoned conventional hypnosis in the belief that talking is what works.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">After establishing an informal routine </span><span style="font-size: large;">(in the film, anyway, he calls the King by his private nickname: Bertie)</span><span style="font-size: large;">, Logue discovers that George's stutter is the souvenir of a nightmarish royal childhood, rather than something innate. The son without the charisma, George is bullied into an irrelevance that lasts until after he has fathered two children. Logue makes his first breakthrough by turning to something like Breuer's principle: 'a high degree of the restriction of the field of vision' (<i>Studies on Hysteria</i>). Having failed not to stutter, when reading anything previously handed to him, George is now headphoned with instrumental music, all presences are muted, and his task is to read the most famous lines in <i>Hamlet</i>: the soliloquy on self-preservation and self-execution. When he eventually hears the recording, it is a perfectly spoken Hamlet - "To be", but one who still has it all to do.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The promised, delayed action is what is so attractive about <i>The King's Speech</i>. A death, an abdication and a brief abandonement of Logue will have to happen before George even sits on the throne. A favourite frame of mine, when the pair fall out, is Colin Firth slowing his angry walk-away to light a cigarette in a single flash of flame. It is such a rare composed action that it fills the screen with breath and depth; the facial expression is legitimised as <i>expression</i>, as it stops frowning out a defence.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The war is imminent, and when brother, King Edward VIII, swiftly abdicates to continue banging his mistress overseas, the newly crowned George must prove himself, which means his voice, to England. It is not until the final preparations - for the speech that will prepare England for war - that the most important breakthrough is made. Alone with Logue and a gruesome archbishop, George's frustration pinnacles at Westminster Abbey. When his (speech) therapist asks, "Why would I waste my time listening to you?", and the King answers, crisply, "Because I have a voice!", the past has finally been addressed. Like a repaired, old vinyl, the language has had its scratches removed.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The end of the movie is the politicisation of <i>talking cure</i>, from the palace to the ordinary household, via the BBC World Service. The power of surveillance is dumbed and pointed elsewhere. Whatever the propaganda, George's courage seems a deliberate, superb antonym for totalitarianism. For a public that still had 'faith' in its monarchy, <i>The King's Speech</i> is historically principled in at least this respect. Anything modern-smooth about the cinematography - each cut is very beautifully leashed - does not detract from the fidgets and stutters, and deeper and deeper into the film, the credible shots of ceremony. Closure, meanwhile, is taken for granted. We know how this war ends and so its prologue, spoken here at the end, is already, proudly received. It is a performance, a speech, that exhales on behalf of the spectator, leaving the throat dry.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Tom Hooper's movie is the only royal event in 2011 worth tuning in for. </span><span style="font-size: large;">Having dominated at the BAFTAs, the accomplices of <i>The King's Speech</i> will fancy their chances at the Oscars this month. I am still unsure as to what, if anything, <i>Inception</i> has to say about people. Neither Freud nor Lacan can be ventriloquised by me, but while their teachings are vulgarised in Christopher Nolan's first weak film, I am sure that <i>The King's Speech</i> and <i>Black Swan</i> would have more greatly impressed either pioneer as intriguing fictions and case studies. The Academy Award for Best Actor seems ineluctably headed for the speechmaker. The implied reality of a Hollywood fate remains as absurd as ever, and yet it is absolutely convincing in the case of Colin Firth - unlucky to miss out last February - that this is <i>his time</i>.</span>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6014222425533143551.post-35828901831750393212011-02-15T00:58:00.002+00:002011-07-23T03:46:24.568+01:00Address<span style="font-size: large;">Apparently, really,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Your essays are immature,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Not in their writing,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">But in their underexplored content</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">(Which is, surely, writing.)</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">There really is no exit from this little madness.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">So it has to be enjoyed, </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Watered and relished, </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">As publicly as is possible,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">As unshoutingly as has to happen.</span>RN Joneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10514460303492915769noreply@blogger.com0